Health Is Not A Singular Concept Essay - 1249 Words

With almost any visit to a doctor the question will come up, â€Å"Have you been eating healthy?† Everyone would like to think so or at least impress the doctor by saying so, but the term â€Å"health† may contradict the stereotypical simple answer of eating fruit and vegetables and working out. In fact, doctors may even have the wrong impressions on health when giving their patients advice. Over three articles, different authors have shared their views on health, what it means, and how it affects our society. From these, I comprised my own definition for health. Health is not a singular concept. Rather, it affects an entire society, allowing everyone to access food filled with the necessary nutrients to sustain life. This definition though has no use unless it is able to be shared with large populations. Therefore, education and ease of implementation are the most critical parts of the definition of health because they allow the American citizens to put the values of h ealth into practice. From the arguments, the authors vary in their abilities to make convincing arguments based on how well their health plans are defined. The first author, Michael Pollan, establishes health as a societal term. He desires to create a healthy, utopian society by changing the way food is produced. In his argument in the article â€Å"Farmer in Chief,† Michael Pollan points out that â€Å"the health of a nation’s food system is a critical issue of national security.† This shows how seriously he takes America’sShow MoreRelatedCultural Competency And Awareness, Organization, And Skills1605 Words   |  7 Pages It is important to first define cultural competency, as the ability for health professionals to work in situations where their personal culture may not be identical to that of the patient they are interacting with (Blackburn, 2015). Unfortunately, there is no definitive definition utilized across professions (Suarez-Balcazar et al., 2011). This can make it difficult to pursue in both teaching it and evaluating it. In fact, this study will only touch on one method of evaluating cultural competenceRead MoreCrisis Management Communication Plan1291 Words   |  6 Pages(Roberts, 2005 ). Effective communication vitally important in health care setting. Ineffective or miscommunication in health care setting can lead to unnecessary death and serious Injury. In health care setting organization safety is generally define as freedom from accidental. Because the days of Hippocrates, the concept of ‘do not harm’ has been incorporate into Health care ethical practice. At the time of disaster effective communicationRead MoreConcepts of the Discipline of Nursing Essay1552 Words   |  7 PagesConcepts Central to the Discipline of Nursing In order to critically examine the concepts central to the discipline of nursing it is important to clarify my understanding of what constitutes a discipline. Nursing literature has led me to understand that a discipline can be, in simple terms, thought of as a field of study with a unique perspective which gives rise to the nature and scope of inquiry of that field and therefore leads to a specialized body of knowledge (Parker, M Smith, M, 2010).Read MoreThe Intelligence Theories Of Intelligence1695 Words   |  7 Pagesacquire new expertise or understanding. The term ‘intelligent quotient’ or IQ testing was first devised by a German psychologist named William Stern in the early twentieth century. The French Psychologist, Alfred Binet first introduced in 1905, the concept of children possessing a certain set of abilities which made up their ‘mental age’ (MA) compared to chronological age (CA) known as the ‘mental-age scale’. Binet’s method was structured upon his reasoning that a ‘slow’ child was retarded in mentalRead MoreThe Death Of Artemio Cruz1291 Words   |  6 Pageswritten in 1962 by Carlos Fuentes chronicling the singular life and destiny of a man raised in the lower classes of Mexico, who manages to rise into political and economical power through intrigue and Manichean maneuverings. The following book critique will contain a summary of the novel and provide some examples and parallels on core course concepts evident in the story, hopefully demonstrating what learning was obtained using the lens of global health matters. Some of my personal musings and reflectionsRead MoreNursing Theory And Nursing Practice Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pageslevel of care that includes around-the-clock monitoring inside an intensive care unit, delivered by a team of medical professionals. First of all, Joseph and the administration team clearly defined the characteristics of medical, nursing and allied health care staffing. To assess optimal patient care, having good human resources such as man power and well-structured collaboration among professional workers are very important. Nursing staffs are managed by dedicated, extensive experienced nurse managerRead MoreHow Do Parental Psychiatric Disorders Impact Children? Essay1422 Words   |  6 PagesPsychological Exploration: How Do Parental Psychiatric Disorders Impact Children? According to National Alliance on Mental Health (2016), recent findings have concluded that 1 in 5 adults have experience with a mental disorder in a given year. Children that are associated with these individuals can have different outcomes of life as compared to families without said individuals. These outcomes don t necessarily have to be positive or negative, but they do become a substructure of who you are. AsRead MoreSources Of Resistance And Changes Of The Ajax Minerals Essay918 Words   |  4 Pagescompany’s situation and business decisions. This would include making them aware and including them in business decision. When companies enter the decision-making process, the outcomes from the decisions made can greatly affect both the company s health and its employees. Bringing employees onboard when making decisions about the company s future helps strengthen your relationship with each employee. You ll gain respect from your employees and instill a sense of responsibi lity in your workforceRead MoreDesign Of The Electronic Health Records System1118 Words   |  5 PagesThe purpose of this section is to assist in formalizing ideas for the design of The Electronic Health Records system. Speciï ¬ cally, this section will illustrate the unique attributes of individual Electronic Health Records databases, explain how these databases are constructed, describe their uses and data elements and types. It will also produce a detailed data model of the database to meet the end user requirement. The Enterprise Data Model System methodology has the following main stages: At thisRead MoreThe Shortcomings Of Canadian Welfare System886 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction From the introduction of universal health care in the late 1970s, a result of political maneuvering between federal liberals and NDPs, Canada has occupied a strange space in health care policy and management (Maiona, 1997). On one hand, Canada features a more accessible system than the health care system of the United States, which has only recently moved towards a government mandated system. On the other hand, research has identified the shortcomings of Canadian welfare systems in comparison

Notes On Leadership And Management Essay - 1372 Words

NS 3 Leadership and Management Short Essay #1 25134737 Date Submitted For the longest, most people have defined leadership as a noble trait, a defining quality of great people that we read in our history books, that we hear in the news, and that we try our very best to emulate. In the modern day, through various theories and ideas, we have justified the definition of leadership, not as a singular characteristic but, as a set of abilities utilized by one to influence followers towards a common set goal. Our society demands for both leaders and managers. I perceive my own leadership as a follower-serving, task-oriented manager rather than an authentic leader. A lot of people frequently make the wrong assumption that leaders and managers constitutes the polar regions of a leadership spectrum in which leaders are seen as â€Å"good† while managers are seen as â€Å"bad.† To answer this cognitive dilemma, managers are essentially leaders in their own terms, with different roles and responsibilities. While a leader’s role in an organization is to provide a vision and lead the team to that said-goal, is it the manager’s job to manage the details and specifics on how to achieve that vision. On page 9 of Enhancing Leadership, it is stated that: â€Å"leadership and management complement each other, and both are vital to organizational success.† Let us see the U.S. Navy as an example. A four-star admiral envisions a Navy that is able to project its power all over the globeShow MoreRelatedA Note On Leadership And Management Essay961 Words   |  4 Pagesto express my sincere appreciation to all the staff for your hard work in our company. As you know, the business has wound down because of the recent sluggish economy, and this would result in a workforce reduction. So, the board of directors and management of the corporation have to make a difficult and challenging decision that we need to lay 20% staff off to continue growing the company. We will consider carefully and make the appropriate decision, and this layoff does not show that the listed peopleRead MoreNotes On Management And Leadership1390 Words   |  6 PagesManagement and Leadership Sheryl Gregory, James Hummer, Dalton Kephart and Katrina McIntyre BMAL501-B04 Liberty University Management and Leadership OVERVEIW Leadership of today is different than what it was several years ago. In the past, â€Å"leadership† was more concerned with the bottom line than shaping the people and organization to ensure its continued success. Leadership and management are two very different topics; however, many people subscribe there is no differentiation. FromRead MoreNotes On Leadership And Management1494 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership versus Management 1. Define Management. Management is the organizational process that includes strategic planning, setting; objectives, managing resources, deploying the human and financial assets needed to achieve objectives, and measuring results. Management also includes recording and storing facts and information for later use or for others within the organization. Management is the process of reaching organizational goals by working with and through people and other organizationalRead MoreNotes On Leadership And Management888 Words   |  4 PagesMGMT IM153 Manufacturing Organization and Management. MAJOR PAPER LEADERSHIP and MANAGEMENT Leadership and management must go hand in hand. They are not the same thing. But they are necessarily linked, and complementary. Any effort to separate the two is likely to cause more problems than it solves. A manager’s role characterize a more controlled, structured, rule oriented, analytical and orderly sequenced. Whereas, the role of a leader indicates a more visionary, experimental, impassioned, unstructuredRead MoreNotes On Leadership And Management2832 Words   |  12 Pages1. Leadership and Management Leadership and management are 2 major concepts in the world of business and most likely to be confused with each others. This assignment tries to determine if there are any differences between the 2 concepts. 1.1 Leadership Definition Leadership has many different definitions, however, leadership in management is defined as the leader is the person who others are following, and to have followers it’s a process that needs an impact of that person on others to follow himRead MoreNotes On Leadership And Management2297 Words   |  10 PagesBBA 450 Final Betzanely Bueno Leadership and Management 1) Leadership tasks- †¢ Adopt a Vision: create or adopt a compelling vision that clearly describes the expectations of the team members. †¢ Motivate: inspire aligned individual and group goals by being the role model and by holding people accountable †¢ Manage: plan and set priorities and organize resources to achieve business outcomes and direct and monitor performance †¢ Foster teamwork: develop and sustain effective working relationships, createRead MorePersonal Note On Leadership And Management2196 Words   |  9 Pages Theme 1 1. Leadership and Management The Experience(s) After this lecture I could reanalyze my previous experience as buyer, where the company use to incentive each Procurement Professional to be a leader of their â€Å"Families†. As buyer I did not use just to buy, but lead all strategy about the purchase of that segment for whole company in the country, even I was not a manager. This was a great experience. Moreover, as part of the strategy, we had to interact to the leaders (internal clients) ofRead MoreA Short Note On Bsn Nursing Leadership And Management Course962 Words   |  4 Pagescolleagues. I was able to see general qualities, but not a true appreciate for the importance of teamwork and the strengths that other team players bring to the table to support concerted efforts of the nursing profession. The RN-BSN Nursing Leadership and Management course helped me improve in those areas and taught me how to distinguish qualities of fellow colleagues; as well as how to apply the right quality, to the right t ask. The class also taught me that individuals have unique skills, personalitiesRead MoreThe s Leadership Style And Its Impact On Ch2m Hill Company Essay890 Words   |  4 Pagesconstruction management in 1985. Despite negative responses from her male counterparts, she strived to remain faithful to her ambitions to make CH2M Hill one of the best run companies in the world. The essence of this research paper is to give Hinman’s leadership style and its impact on CH2M Hill Company. In this regard, it depicts her role as a transformational leader at the company I currently work for. Thesis statement: The incorporation of transformational and participative leadership has made CH2MRead MoreEssay On Leadership Programs887 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Organizations offer leadership programs to assist employees to develop an array of leadership skills as they continue to develop the careers in the professional lives. Usually, these leadership development programs are usually established as part of a wider employee development programs. It is important to note that some companies prefer to offer career specific training programs while other organizations offer a general leadership competency programs that are focused on topics such

Immanuel Kant And The Principle Of Morality - 1279 Words

Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher who argued that reason is the source of morality. He had a few categorical imperatives which consisted of universalizability, using people as an end in itself rather than as a means, and formulation of autonomy. In his imperative of universalizability, he strongly believed that an act is only morally right if it can be universalized and applied to every situation. For example, if it was morally right for someone to lie, then it should be morally right for everyone to lie. However, this would mean no one would believe anyone and therefore this would not work so lying cannot be universalized. In the imperative of using humanity as an ends, he believed that one should never use someone merely as a means†¦show more content†¦Random selection has no reason behind who gets treatment, and society would not benefit the most from this. Patients who may not respond to treatment could be selected and therefore more medical supplies would be wasted which isn t the greatest good. Individual prognosis of the chance of a treatment’s success would be better in the eyes of a utilitarian because it is better to provide medical supplies to patients who would actually benefit from it, rather on those whom might not respond to the treatment. Therefore, the greater good would be to use the medical rationing on people who need it and would benefit from it most, rather than those who would not. Alongside the success rate, another important factor utilitarians would like would be the quality of life the treatment ultimately gives a patient. If the quality of life is poor to the person who had received the treatment, not only did another person lose out on treatment but someone did not benefit and also wasted supplies. Therefore it’s a double loss and there is no greater utility which comes out of this situation. Utilitarians also agree that contributions to society must play a role in deciding who gets medical treatment. If someone had contributed greatly t o society and will continue to do so, they deserve treatment because this will lead to a greater utility for society. However, a criminal should not receive treatment because they do not provide anything beneficial to society and would likely commit moreShow MoreRelatedKantian Ethics And The Categorical Imperative Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Kantian Ethics and critiques In Elements of Pure Practical Reason Book, I, Immanuel Kant, a prominent late Enlightenment Era German philosopher discusses his most famous ethical theory, the â€Å"Categorical Imperative.† The â€Å"Categorical Imperative† is a proposed universal law in stating all humans are forbidden from certain actions regardless of consequences. Although this is the general definition of this ethical theory, the Categorical Imperative† exists in two above formulations, A strictRead MoreA Lie Is Not Moral Or Ethical Value1004 Words   |  5 Pagesdisrespectful. I believe, the purpose to a lie is achieving a goal at the expense of another. It holds no moral or ethical value. Human beings are entitled to be respect by others. A philosopher known as Immanuel Kant who established two rules called as categorical imperative under the deontology theory (Kant, 2008). Deontology is the obligation or duty to act (Mosser, 2013). The rules in categorical imperative are one shoul d act in a way that maxims resulting in action being a universal law and actRead MoreComparing David Hume and Immanuel Kant Essay1356 Words   |  6 PagesDavid Hume and Immanuel Kant David Hume and Immanuel Kant each made a significant break from other theorists in putting forward a morality that doesn’t require a higher being or god, for a man to recognize his moral duty. Although Hume and Kant shared some basic principals they differed on their view of morality. In comparing the different views on human will and the maxims established to determine moral worth by David Hume and Immanuel Kant, I find their theories on morality have some meritRead MoreThe Metaphysic Of Morals By Immanuel Kant1199 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Metaphysic of Morals by Immanuel Kant: A Reflection and Analysis Author name Name of institutionâ€Æ' In man’s attempt to figure out what is right or wrong, they have developed a number of systems that purportedly deal with such matters. Immanuel Kant expanded on his moral philosophy in his work, Groundwork for the Metaphysic of Morals. This paper will be a reflection upon Kantian ethical principles presented therein and their relation to what is generally called morality. People have tried to understandRead MoreThe concept of human nature focuses on the distinctive natural characteristics of humans, namely1500 Words   |  6 Pagesconcerning our variant attributes. Nevertheless, one philosopher, by the name of Immanuel Kant cannot be classified solely as religious, a realist, conservative or rational, as he seemingly wanted to move past the conventional polychotomy and his ideologies were representative of modern, Enlightened philosophy – a combined product of the numerous views of human nature proposed by his predecessors. The convictions of Kant in terms of human nature are referred to as the Copernican Revolution of PhilosophyRead MoreA Study Of Ethics By Immanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill992 Words   |  4 Pagesaround ethics. The court released Lavallee as innocent on the basis that she is medically ill with Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS). The two most renowned ethicists, Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill would view this case differently. Kantianism is associated solely with Immanuel Kant. In comparison, John Stuart Mill, an opponent of Immanuel Kant’s ideas, uses a utilitarian approach. This essay will briefly give an overview of the case and the BWS. Then, it will show how both theories view the case.Read More Immanuel Kants Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals Essay1576 Words   |  7 PagesImmanuel Kants Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals In his publication, Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals, Immanuel Kant supplies his readers with a thesis that claims morality can be derived from the principle of the categorical imperative. The strongest argument to support his thesis is the difference between actions in accordance with duty and actions in accordance from duty. To setup his thesis, Kant first draws a distinction between empirical and â€Å"a priori† concepts. EmpiricalRead MoreEthical Decision Making Assignment1001 Words   |  5 Pagesgreatest happiness principle holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness† - John Stuart Mill. This particular quote refers to the utilitarian approach which states that in all our actions we must always strive to produce the greatest possible balance of good or evil. The utilitarian approach deals with consequences. It tries both to increase the good done and to reduce the har m done. Immanuel Kant was an importantRead MoreEssay on Role of Happiness in Ethical Decisions1209 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstanding, and ends with reason. There is nothing higher than reason† (Kant 1). The usage of reason as a representation of one’s intellect is a common trait in the 21st century. Happiness, a positive emotion, tends to blur one’s judgement and coerces philosophers to look upon its relevance when formulating ethical decisions. When considering the role of emotion in ethical decisions, one must consider the contrasting views of Immanuel Kant, an 18th Prussian philosopher that focussed his philosophies aroundRead MoreKant And Mill : Morality As A Responsibility Towards Positive Impacts1578 Words   |  7 PagesBoth Kant and Mill describe morality as a responsibility towards positive impacts. Kant views morality as thought out actions leading to positive outcomes for others through means of using ones conscience (Kant, Immanuel, 2). Therefore, a person’s actions should result in a positive impact on others, and a person should think carefully before doing something to ensure that. Immorality as defined by Kant describes self-centered actions that do not benefit any other human being while Mill’s theory

My Vision And Goals Of My Life - 874 Words

I grew up in an under resourced, underdeveloped community where every day was as difficult as the last. These hardships shaped me to become the individual I am today. My vision and goals for the future are specifically influenced by the events that I witnessed and one of these events that took place in my country of origin, Lebanon. On the night of July 12, 2006, I woke up to the piercing cries of frightened children as bombs were targeting civilians and destroying the nation’s basic infrastructure. My family decided to head to the mountains in hopes of finding a safe shelter. On our way, I witnessed buildings collapse and dead bodies scattered on the streets. Suddenly, I heard an explosion and realize that the vehicle ahead of us had been†¦show more content†¦During times of war, we decided to seek a better life in the United States. My focus was to purse the American dream by achieving a higher education and provide a better quality of life for my family. However, b eing a first-generation college student, I experienced financial, academic, and motivational struggles. Conversely, through hard work and dedication, I was able to consistently earn a competitive GPA. Furthermore, I had to develop excellent organization and time management skills to find a way to balance work, academics, and personal responsibilities. Although I went through tough times, I let my hardships serve as a lesson and a reminder for me to stay focused and motivated to attain my goal. During my time in college, I volunteered in several settings. These experiences allowed me to gain exposure to people of various cultures and thus improve my ability to effectively communicate with individuals from different backgrounds. Volunteering also allowed me to experience the satisfaction of being able to selflessly give to others without expecting anything in return. Through these projects, I learned that although we are improving as a community, it is important for every individual to do their best to give back and support those who are less fortunate in any way possible. This could be through aiding them in finding shelters, offering them food, and helping them establish a betterShow MoreRelatedMy Passion For Christ Drive Everything That I Do933 Words   |  4 Pages2.1 Mission Statement. I am determined to allow my passion for Christ drive everything that I do. This includes being a good friend and investing myself into people more, asking the hard questions both in class and in life, and improving on my self judgement (being my own worst enemy). Included in this is, having more internal self-confidence. I will also take advantage of my strengths by accepting that imperfections are normal, and weakness will allow me to grow and trust more with all of thisRead MorePersonal And Career Development Program1144 Words   |  5 Pagessubstantial opportunity to discover my practical and management skills. As a result, I learned about my thinking approach, decision-making ability, capacity, and time management skills. I become more confident in communicating with others, how to discuss and make effective decisions while working with a team. I am able to gain professional experience and developed leadership quality. With the help of this course and the internship, I found a lot of changes in my behavior, feeling, and thinking. IRead MorePersonal Leadership Philosophy Of A Healthcare Organization1627 Words   |  7 Pagesexplore the organizational beliefs, vision, team motivations in order to accomplish the perceived vision successfully and professionally. It is my responsibility as a leader to effectively articulate the identified vision of the organization and motivate the team associates toward the accomplishment of the goals and objectives. It might require the confrontation of challenging and difficult choices and the leader’s deeply held philosophy. In this paper, I will create my personal leadership philosophyRead MorePersonal Statement : My Vision Statement869 Words   |  4 Pages We all have that vision statement that reflects your vision of your future, but also serves as a roadmap of your future. A vision statement is something we all have it’s one thing we really nev er notice. Just as I noticed mine. As everyone has a different vision statement my vision statement was really unique and made me realize a lot. To begin, a few information on my vision statement in my personal life starts off with important person which is my high school principal who really motivatedRead MoreLeadership As A Leader : Leadership1645 Words   |  7 PagesThis class has taught me much about leadership through the semester. Each chapter I learned something new about leadership. In this paper I will reflect on what I’ve learned chapter by chapter and how what I’ve learned has shaped my style of leadership. Being a leader: I never thought much about leadership prior to this class. I knew what leaders were in the sense of that they were the people in charge. That’s all I knew about leadership; leaders were people in charge. While that’s not necessarilyRead MoreComprehensive Life Plan Essay1156 Words   |  5 PagesComprehensive Life Plan By Meganne Standal Meganne Standal APOU101 Momentum (03) FA1 2012 18 September 2012 Comprehensive Life Plan I spent my high school years dreaming of places I wanted to see, things I wanted to do, and people I wanted to meet. After graduation reality set in and I realized I abused my time in high school, making it difficult for me to transition into adult hood. I thought of what I was going to do rather than how I was going to get there; I could not have been moreRead MoreTransformational Leadership1211 Words   |  5 Pagesleadership qualities that not all people have. This does not mean though that they are born leaders. This also doesn’t mean that all leaders are good leaders. They can also harm society, like Hitler. People build their leadership qualities through life experiences. Great leaders are able to effectively influence their subordinates. This influencing is usually done by using their authority. Most people tend to believe and trust in people in authority because they have reputation and rapportRead MorePersonal Vision Statement : My Vision1508 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In this paper, I will outline my personal vision statement. This vision and mission will help determine the steps I need to take now in order to become the type of leader that others will follow. Next, I discuss those internal and external obstacles which may prevent me from achieving my goals. Lastly, I will identify the steps I will take to overcome or mitigate those obstacles. In conclusion, by outlining my desired personal vision statement I hope to have a picture or image uponRead MoreWhy Business Should Develop A Strategy1216 Words   |  5 PagesStrategy could be a set of goals that you achieve to gain competitive advantage over competitors. Strategy is something a business utilizes to build on to stay in business for a long time. According to Harvard Business Review â€Å"strategy is something that set you apart from other businesses† (Michael Porter). This paper will define strategy, also talk about why or why business should develop a strategy. Another eye open statement will address can or should individuals have a life strategy. What strategyRead MoreMy Vision997 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿What is your vision for the future? What is your purpose in life? What gets you out of bed every morning? These are questions we must constantly ask ourselves. As a college student, these are questions that are drowned out by the noise of academia, but as a young entrepreneur these are questions I ask myself daily.   I have a vision for change that has come from a longing of something more by a Power greater than myself. Gandhi once said, â€Å"Be the change you wish to see in the world.† I read

Comparing McCarthyism and The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay

Authors used their literary work to get a point across to the public in the story The Crucible; Arthur Miller used events and characters to show the similarities to McCarthyism which was prevalent in the 1950s. McCarthyism was associated with the period in the United Sates also known as the Second Red Scare. McCarthyism is very similar in the way that Joe McCarthy accused Americans of being communist and in The Crucible people were being accused of being witches. It is known that Arthur Miller wrote this story as a reaction to a tragic time in our history. In both situations people were accused and were found guilty with not much proof. You would think that the judges would dismiss a case when there wasn’t much proof. In The Crucible†¦show more content†¦People lost their jobs and careers went bad and even imprisonment occurred. McCarthy held hearings called the Hollywood Blacklist, which had to do with The House Committee on Un-American Activities and anti- communist activities with the FBI. McCarthyism had great effects on different levels of society, involving conflict and many arguments. This relates to The Crucible in the sense that the way people were acting changed dramatically, different and weird because they knew or thought that witches were around. It destroyed people’s relationships, caused chaos in church and separation between people. People supported Abigail and Rev.Parris in different types of ways. For example when Abigail would say something and even when it was not true the girls would all follow her moves and lie for her. McCarthyism was supported by many different groups, including a lot of anti- communist organizations, there was no solid number for the victims of McCarthyism, and people who were imprisoned were around the hundreds and ten to twelve thousand lost their jobs. In The Crucible some were hung and many were being imprisoned nonstop and everyone was being called a witch, even with no proof. They searched for perverts and ended up i n thousands being harassed and denied employment. In The Crucible John Proctor and Abigail had a quiet affair andShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller Essay1646 Words   |  7 Pagesplays that came from the 1950s was Arthur Miller’s The Crucible. During a time when the U.S. was worried of communism taking over, Miller released The Crucible, which helped to capture the hysteria that was occurring. The play presents itself as a metaphor for the House of Un-American Activities Committee that was created during the Cold War when communism was spreading, but Miller never actually referenced it in the play. Although Arthur Miller’s The Crucible is set in the late 1600s, it offersRead MoreThe Crucible By Comparing The Salem Witch Trials1431 Words   |  6 Pagesnation, and Arthur Miller became a victim of McCarthyism. Miller suffered through accusations of possibly believing in communism; as a result, he wrote a play called The Crucible, in which he used the Salem W itch Trials of 1692 to explain the communist hysteria during the 1950s. Arthur Miller develops an allegory in The Crucible by comparing the Salem Witch Trials to McCarthyism by using ringleaders, persecuted couples, and hypocrisy in the government or legal system. Certainly, Miller creates aRead MoreThe Hands Of An Angry God1627 Words   |  7 Pagesand The Crucible Essay Two coarse yet uniquely fragile societies, three hundred years apart, devoured by individual ideologies that permeated belief systems, that blinded, deafened, and muted citizens, and that ultimately led to gruesome hysteria. â€Å"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God†, written by Jonathan Edwards in the mid-1700’s, is a sermon directed to a Puritan congregation urging with orthodox fervor for transgressors to repent. Arthur Miller wrote the allegorical play The Crucible in 1953Read MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1355 Words   |  6 Pagesmodern day, or is history merely an outlet to express one’s ideas by using past examples? History is both, and history is a powerful tool, such as when comparing two events to prove a point. Proving a point was a necessity for Arthur Miller during the 1950’s, and he proves his point through The Crucible, a play about the Salem Witch Trials. Miller attacks the red scare, which was a time of fear of communism growing in America, and proves the how similar the two events were, and how they are importantRead MorePuritan Intolerance In Arthur Millers The Crucible808 Words   |  4 PagesMcCarthyism is well-known and embraced by Arthur Miller. His 1953 play on the Salem witch trials act as an allegory to Joseph McCarthy’s scandal, comparing them to a â€Å"witch hunt†, thus an allusion to the Salem tragedies. Miller uses his characters in a strict way to develop his allegory of the Puritan intolerance. Strongly implanted by Miller, his theme of intolerance demonstrates what thoughts spring to life and what he is trying to put forth. In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, Miller uses his charactersRead More Analyze how Arthur Miller creates dramatic tension at the end of Act 31300 Words   |  6 PagesAnalyze how Arthur Miller creates dramatic tension at the end of Act 3 of The Crucible. During this essay, I will be explaining how Arthur Miller creates dramatic tension at thee end of Act 3 of his novel, The Crucible. I will be organizing this essay in paragraphs by points. Here are the main points I will be analyzing: - Setting - Stage Directions - Characters and Language - Comparing thee witch trials to the McCarthyism Proctor brings Mary to court and tells Judge DanforthRead MoreThe Human Lust For Power By Arthur Miller1689 Words   |  7 Pagesand philosophers alike constantly analyze its corrupting influence and recursive nature. Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, however, highlights a different facet of power: the means by which individuals strive to obtain it. In particular, he focuses on social power and the use of accusatory labels, such as â€Å"witch,† to obtain this power. The story is also a clear extended analogy for American McCarthyism, comparing the absurdity of the Salem witch trials to the equally ridiculous accusations of â€Å"communistRead MoreThe Lord of the Flies by William Golding776 Words   |  3 Pagesnegative feature throughout the novel, similar to the play The Crucible. William Golding uses Lord of the Flies as an allegory to present evil and sin through different symbols within the novel, with boys being trapped on an island. Arthur Miller presents evil and sin through a contextual, Puritan society within various characters. Even though both writers present these themes, Golding presents it in the lack of female presence and Miller presents it mainly from a female perspective. If one is to commitRead MoreEssay on Joseph McCarthy and the Red Scare1134 Words   |  5 Pagescommunists. The cold war had a large affect on this, because it is when America became afraid of communists or Russians. McCarthyism affected everyone in America Most citizens were afraid of the reds, some were former or current reds, some were accused and persecuted for being an assumed red. It’s clear that McCarthyism played a big role in the development of America. McCarthyism became a household term, not only associated with the red scare. It is now a term used for any accusation without any evidenceRead MoreThe Cold War And The Cuban Missile Crisis2976 Words   |  12 Pagesannihilation at any moment in time. Many can even name important events in the Cold War, such as ‘The Berlin Wall Collapsing’ or ‘The Cuban Missile Crisis’, however there is one major part of the Cold War that most tend to forget and glance over: McCarthyism, or the Red Scare. Senator Joseph McCarthy stressed an importance on ending communism in America, and during the 1950s, many accused to be affiliated with communists were sent to court and sometimes to prison when, in fact, most were innocent. Those

Easyjet Marketing free essay sample

Company name, short presentation and Product Description Identify the product category and describe all the characteristics of this category of product. Describe the product; you need to cover all the elements (core benefit, actual product and augmented product) Easyjet is a low-cost airline with headquarters in Londons Luton Airport. Its owned by EasyJet Holding Limited, whos CEO is Stelios Haji-Jannou. EasyJet operates 580 routes around all of Europe and 104 between Europe and airports in northern Africa. The company sells its own tickets directly to the user trough the Internet and by phone, without the need of requiring the services of third party companies, such as travel agencies. In spite of this, they allow other websites specialized in plane tickets booking (Eg. Edreams) to sell their tickets. EasyJets business model relies on subcontract arrangements for most of the services that the company needs to provide to its costumers. The plane ticket only gives you the right to have a seat, but all the other services that regular airlines would include in the regular fee are not given to the EasyJet costumer. Food and drinks are charged for, the ticket is given to the user for him to print at home, there are no different classes with a variable fee and the seats are not assigned. In contrast with the other low-cost airlines, Easyjet gets to the main European airports, yet, like most of them, charges for any piece of luggage other than handbags. In Spain, they have subcontracted the check in, luggage checking services and ramp services. Nowadays, EasyJet owns 183 Boeing 737-700 planes. By using only one plane model, the company benefits from discounts in mass production with the anufacturers. In terms of marketing, most of the market strategy is based on the image of being allowed to fly simply with a pair of jeans. The first campaign they launched was simply to tag their planes with the companys booking phone number on an orange color. EasyJet has used plenty slogans since it was first stablished and the current one is â€Å"We go, we get back†, which gives us a fresh and joyful im age of the company. 2. Who is the target consumer? Describe the consumer’s profile you think the product is aimed to; use as many variables as possible to be accurate. EasyJet’s costumer base is composed, essentially, of young travelers (interested in the low-cost offer) and professionals with an entrepreneurial profile, intermediate charges and low charges (who’s contracting company is interested in reducing travelling costs). Nowadays, young travellers represent 60% of EasyJet’s costumers. The other 40% is composed of professionals and other travellers. In spite of that, the business-travelling sector has a growing demand of EasyJet services. Most of EasyJet’s travellers are either U. K or Ireland nationals. Lately, the company has developed important marketing campaigns in order to penetrate other European countries in order to augment it’s costumer base. Profile segmentation: †¢ Geographic: Easyjet customers are from all of Europe and Morocco. †¢ Demographic: Young people traveling for pleasure and professionals and intermediate charges. †¢ Psychographic: Lower-middle class. EasyJet is making a strong ofensife to argue to their coustomers that used their service for a business mater, because of this, decides to sell their tickets in travel agencies specialized in this corporate segment, as El Corte Ingles Viajes, Globalia o Orizona. 3. What are the mediums used by the company to reach the consumer? Analyze the promotion mix and distribution channels. The main medium used by EasyJet to reach it’s consumer is the Internet. This is due to the fact that, as we’ve already said, 60% of it’s clients are youg and, therefore, Internet is the best way to penetrate it’s base clients and make EasiJet’s products and promotions known to them. The company is strongly leaning towards ans Internet-based model, as is proved by the launching, in the last years, of business unities such as EasyInternet (business cafes where the clients can connect to the Internet with strongly reduced fees), EasyRentaCar (an Internet car rental service), EasyCruise (cruising service) and some other services (such as hotel room booking). The main markets for EasyJet , such as France, Italy, Switzerland, germany and the United Kingdom, will count, as well, with a campain that combines television ads, outdoor, online media and ofline media. The main channels throu wich EasyJet reaches it’s target audience are: †¢ Online Advertising †¢ Billboards †¢ Video sales promotion †¢ Seasonal deals †¢ Coupon codes †¢ Word of mouth 4. Identify max. 2 competitors and compare their products with your (actual and augmented product elements) The mainly competitors that Easyjet has are Ryanair, the most directly, and looking in the Europe market, Germanwings, a company from Germany, its maybe another of the competitor, not as directly as Ryanair is. Talking about Ryanair, a company that has a lot of troubles in this moments with critics for some possibles low controls and low levels of security in their flights, es an airline that establish some consolidation as the principal in this model of the low cost, maybe the most controversy in this moments, with a president that is now communed to see on the channel news because he always use the interviews or the conferences because of a problem, as a way to delivered a free advertisement for the company he runs. Ryanair is characterized of delivered a transportation service in a real low cost, but that implicate some additional cost that might reach a price of a regular company, if you use all the â€Å"additional they add†. On the other side we have Germanwing, an airline that was created in 2002. Lufthansa owns One quarter of the company capital, and their tripulation followed the preparation and the courses offered by this airline. It operates on 67 different destinies in Europe, and is now in a expansion process, starting to compete directly with Easyjet or Ryanair. Its clearly impossible to compared some companies that are already with a consolidation in their market target that cost them years of work, like Ryanair or EasyJet, with an emerging company like Germanwings, but its important to stand out the growth this company is having continuously, and they are making a way to be able in a long term to stay competing in this really complex market. This companies named before, offered the same service, low cost transportation, characterize for sell tickets in a really cheap range of price that companies like Iberia or British Airway couldn’t reach to offers. The reason or this is that the costs this companies absorb are a lot higher because the service they sell includes all the â€Å"additional† services the low cost companies sell like an optional to each client. This model of low cost offers low quality in their general services (something that might be improvable), but based in a massive selling amount to reach real benefits. And in this particular moment of crisis, the affluence of passengers that evaluate the price to decide the ticket to buy is even higher. Looking at the main differences between this three companies, EasyJet and Ryanair are the ones that offered a better price, compare with Germanwings, this is clearly related to the market shared they owned. Because the first two are the main ones in this market, can assume lower range of benefit per ticket sold, something that a company in emerging process cant affords. Another primary difference is the benefit they give to their customers. Ryanair is the leading in lower price, taking aside the quality of the offered service, and even because of that they don’t stop increasing their selling levels (with no good explanation). EasyJet is the more complete company, keeping standard levels, characterized for having a medium level of service, with low price and a satisfaction level with a upward trend. And last but not least is Germanwings, characterized because of the comfort they offer to their customers, something hard to offered in this model of companies because they reduce the seats they have because of the comfort they want to offer. 5. Evaluate positive and negative reviews about your product found on Internet. You need to mention all the sources used and links, even if you don’t find reviews or ratings, you need to mention sources. The criticism we’ve seen being made to EasyJet is not based on regular practices of a particular kind, like the example of their main competitor Ryanair, that has criticism and legal problems involving almost every activity they develop, especially in security matters. EasyJet is not as involved as Ryanair in that many troubles, even thou it involves a whole group that offers more than just air transportation, but we will evaluate just this service. In this point of view, the company just has some specific cases of problems, involving some discrimination. Generalizing, they have some particular services in their check in process or in their buying web page that gives them trouble. In our search, we consider that the following articles are the ones that describe in a perfect way the criticism we found: †¢ â€Å"EasyJets flight times mean keeping an eye on your emails† †¢ â€Å"EasyJets passport rule creates a no-fly zone† †¢ â€Å"Double trouble from easyJets in-flight payment glitch† †¢ â€Å"easyJet accused of discriminating against disabled passengers† We always found problems on their accomplishment in the service, something that is a characteristic in the low-cost model, but in order to deliver or establish correctly is a consequence that is important to be able to tolerate. These characteristics are the use of the fuel in the limits of the law (this involves some troubles with the emergency landing because of any unexpected situation in the fly), the higher price they charge if people wants what they consider additional (like luggage checking), and sometimes the total price might be even higher than the ones offered by companies that don’t adopt the low-cost model. But in general terms, the company doesn’t accumulate too many bad critics. Maybe this model is currently not as good as it might be. It definitely could be served in a better way but, in the moments we live today, the price is a primary detail for the decision process of the consumer. Talking about their positive criticism, the company has a lot of good reviews when they involve the project that is being planed for the future, as a company with a balance well structured, a better way of delivering and managing their resources, etc. Sometimes it also reaches some statistics that might be a little surprising, as it is their profitability in Spain, considering the relation between the total profit they had, and the number of airplanes in their float. Something that is not easy to imagine considering that their competitor Ryanair is the fourth in this list, even underneath Vueling. †¢ â€Å"easyJet beats expectations† †¢ EasyJet Corporate results †¢ â€Å"Iberia, Air Europa y Air Berlin: top 3 en facturacion por avion† 6. After this research propose an action to increase sales. You need to justify your proposal. As weve seen thru the analysis of the EasyJet business model, the main target to which the company aims to is a youthful an easygoing costumer that seeks to have a fun time but is not willing to spend a lot of money in order to cover its travel expenses. We have also seen that the main problems that EasyJet (as plenty of the low-cost airlines) faces have to do with the public perception of low-cost model. As word of mouth tells us, EasyJet is grouped with a couple of airlines that are perceived as being a â€Å"necessary evil†. As such, a big amount of costumers trend to require EasyJet services with the resignation of having to deal with all the inconveniences that traveling with these kind of companies supposes. In order to identify these perceived inconveniences, we have to rely on the commentaries that the users emit. Costumers opinion is one of the most valuable set of information that companies tan have, so the first thing we would recommend, in a plan that aims to improve costumers perception of EasyJets traveling service, to create an easy communication channel that allows users to report on the service. These reports can be recompensed with discounts on beverages, food and luggage checking. This wouldn’t just be a way to assemble a better data bank, as it can also be a way to engage the costumer in a direct relationship with EasyJets brand. By using the information we have already gathered so far, we are able to say that the main issue costumers report is the bad experience that traveling in low-cost airlines supposes. This particular problem is hard to deal with, since the uncomfortable situation that EasyJets users tell us about in their comments are due to some of the basic characteristics that makes the low-cost model a successful one. This problem turns into a worst one when it comes to the particular case of the company that interests us, because of it being a solid company in financial terms. Therefore, efforts should be made in order to improve user experience of the service wile retaining the elements that make it a successful business. Some general practices are easy to deal with. One good practice that weve seen being performed by rivaling companies with a similar business model is relying on the crew to create a fun experience by original ways of delivering the classical features of the service. One example of this is delivering safety instructions in the form of a rap. This has been done by companies in the U. S market and it enables costumers to get a brief distraction from the regular stress that traveling imposes on us. One possible variation of this is to deliver safety instructions with a choreography performed by the crew. Both of these practices are a tiny step that, grouped with actions training that helps EasyJets crew deliver better costumer attention, can make a difference on the perception that consumers have of this brand. This is not only due to the word of mouth, but also to the constant flow of free advertising that might be delivered trough social networks such as YouTube, Facebook or Instagram, in which users can upload images of the performances EasyJet delivers. Another good action, to continue in line with these enhancements, might be seasonal campaigns in the form of happenings that can be conformed into viral advertising. One example of this was delivered by the now defunct spanish company Spanair. In a winter flight, the airline had a crew member announce to all the children that were in that flight that Santa had made a visit to the plane and left a couple of messages to them, as well as gifts. The video made for this campaign went viral on networks such as YouTube, giving the brand a presence on the web and also giving a great image of its services. This particular campaign, of course, doesn’t have to be replicated, given that EasyJet’s main costumer profile is young singles and couples without children. Therefore, the model should be adapted to adjust to the sort of clients that a low-cost airline is interested in, but by giving these performances a regular presence and attaching them to the services they provide, their public image might be enhanced. With small actions like these, an already great company might be turned into an even better one with fairly small investment and little to non modification of its business model. Maintaining Internet as their main advertising medium and using it in order to gain better public perception can turn into a successful move by EasyJet. Videos: http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=TTsieCm8n8M http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=Lqh8e2KYIrU http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=DYA_ivyj3kE

Telecommunication Net Neutrality

Question: Describe about the Net Neutrality? Answer: Executive Summary This assignment reflects the idea of net neutrality in these modern days. However, this study reflects that net neutrality is the major trend in these days of telecommunication industry. Several policy and issues that relates with the net neutrality has been introduce in this assignment that correlates with the social contexts of the policy of telecommunication industry. However, this study also represent the current overview of the net neutrality in India. Through the assignment, analysts describes the complexities of the net neutrality in the world and provides a special reference of India for understanding the complexities of net neutrality in India. The main reason of increasing net neutrality is the increase number of facilities that provided the network service providers to the users. Majority of network service providers in this world does not blocked the third parties activity over calling the IP in the internet connection. After launching the internet in the world since 1980 s, the internet service providers still not integrated any specialization or legal rules for use of internet by the third parties. This is the key reason of increasing net neutrality in the World. From the point of view of India, net neutrality is the current as well as major challenges because TRAI (Telecommunication Regulatory Authentication of India) is still unable to implement appropriate rules and regulations including some valuable principle in terms of providing fare and clear internet service. Several policies have been described that firmly relates with the net neutrality such as policy regarding internet access, internet marketing voluntary, flaws of network, etc. Introduction Powell Cooper (2011) presumed that internet neutrality is one of the most technical sounding phrase as well as terrible sounding phrase within the telecommunication environment. However, Coucheney, Maille Tuffin (2013) opined that net neutrality is the idea of understanding the working procedure of telephone lines that start to work since 20th century. From the point of view of telephone communication line, the service providers of telephone lines such as Airtel, Vodafone, BSNL, MTNL, Reliance, etc allows the user in dialling and connecting to others over internet. This type of principle is known as the net neutrality. The traffics that passes within the servers are never controlled by the Internet Service Providers. During the time of web surfing over internet when the web user used internet, they gets some speed. However, the data route in the internet remain theoretically same especially when the web user use YouTube and Facebook. Without any interference from the Internet Servi ce Providers, users are not allowed to access any legal websites or the web service in internet. Caves (2012) argued that user can access the legal websites or the legal web service over internet with the permission of internet service providers. The service providers of the telecommunication service in this world never blocked the identity of the other parties over calling and also never delay the connection for one particular number. However, Cheng, Bandyopadhyay Guo (2011) cited that the telephone communication service providers delay or block the third partys phone number when it was forced by law. In the world, there were most f the countries such as Australia, United State of America, Europe, China, etc have set several rules for the telecommunication service providers regarding their service when it is provided an unrestricted and unfiltered phone service. During the time of 1980s or 1990s, when the internet was first launched, there were not any particular rules or regulations by the government in terms of providing services to the user. Therefore, the Internet Service Providers (ISP) did not follow any rules or regulations. However, there are telecom operators that were also Internet Service Providers (ISPs). Therefore, majority of telecom operators maintain some principles in terms of providing service to the user (Guo, Cheng Bandyopadhyay, 2013). 2. Concept of Net Neutrality survive Cheng, Bandyopadhyay Guo (2011) cited that net neutrality is the concept of agreement of the men. The net neutrality is survived since few years before because majority of the internet users used internet from last 30 years. In past years, use of internet was minor. As the technology change rapidly, the use of internet increase largely. Therefore, introduction of smart phone in the community increase the use of internet widely. In these modern days, information technology grows higher and higher. Therefore use of internet is one of the major and integral part of the community. The Internet Service Providers in the world tries to make a power of shape as well as tries to control the traffic over internet according to the usage of the net by the user (Guo, Cheng Bandyopadhyay, 2013). Apart from that, the Internet Service Providers provides several ways that allows the user in keeping alive the net neutrality. From the internet traffic, the consumers of the internet users demands for the hands off approach in terms of continuing the Internet Service Providers. The Internet Service Providers allows the user in taking the proactive approach of there is any violation of the net neutrality. The users of the internet are also allowed in registering their displeasure to the feedback form of Internet Service Provider. According to the uphold of the net neutrality, the user also rewarded the Internet Service Providers. However, in order to create better bonding with the consumer, the telecommunication partner TRAI (Telecom Authority of India) makes several rules and regulations that are clear and precise rules in terms of protecting the net neutrality. According to the commissioner of Telecom Regulatory Authority in India, TRAI started on working to review the information regarding Internet Service Providers controls the entire traffic that flows over the internet. TRAI provides their best effort in terms of regulating the process of controlling traffic over internet. Through forming rules and set of clear overview, TRAI make the internet open and user-friendly. It allows TRAI in protecting the net neutrality. In early days, the user of internet was small. Therefore, TRAI was able to set the rule easily and track information from the internet traffic. Therefore, they faces many difficulties in terms of changing the system because now the user of internet is more than $800 billion. 3. State of Net Neutrality in India In India, the concept of net neutrality does not exists. According to the director of Centre for Internet and Society in Bangalore namely Sunil Abraham, TRAI still tries to develop some rules and regulation in terms of maintaining the net neutrality in India. For instance, in 2006, the Telecom Regulatory Authority in India invited the concepts of the net neutrality fro, the stakeholder and industrys perspective. However, it has been seen that, there were not any formal set of rules or regulations that formed for the enforcing as well as upholding net neutrality. On the other hand, Coucheney, Maille Tuffin (2013) argued that the Internet Servce providers in India such as Airtel, BSNL, MTNL, Reliance, Tata DOCOMO, Vodafone, Aircel, Idea, etc are mostly adhere to the net neutrality from the point of view of set of principle. Majority of the Internet Service Providers in India ignored the net neutrality. Crocioni (2011) opined that usage of data traffic is increased higher and higher as well as exponentially of TSPs. Therefore, increase of internet develops several issues from the point of view of internet access. In present scenario, it has been identified that people or the web user demand for the free and open access service in Internet. Firth Pierson (2011) argued that, majority of web user demands for the free access service over internet without any restrictions. It has majorly increased due to the preliminary advocates if different types of Application Service Providers availability in Internet. In order to ensure the open internet acce ss, the internet operator has to build the several regulatory such as Act for free usage, develop situation as well as employ various strategies that helps in dealing with the issues of Over the Top services. 4. Present Scenario of Net Neutrality 4.1 Policies on Net Neutrality According to the directors of TRAI (Telecom Regulatory Authority of India), the internet service providers have not to provide any licence fees till October, 2003. Therefore, from the 1st November 2003, the Internet Service Providers has to token a license fee that was costly Rs. 1 per annum that was payable to W. E. F. In India, there is not any restriction on providing number of service to the user in all three categories of internet service areas such as A, B and C. According to the review report of Groh (2012), there are more than 390 Internet Service Provider licensees out of 135 ISPs in India. Guo, Cheng Bandyopadhyay (2012) cited that in India, there are majority of ISPs operate multiple service except Vodafone. According to the review report of 2010, there were more than 12 million internet user within al part of India. The use of internet was increased after launching the mobile phone in India in 2002 (Owen, 2015). Therefore, more than 20 Internet Service Providers created the subscribers in India that are more than 97% of the subscribers. During that time, only 2% subscribers were created by the other Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in India. Majority of internet subscribers were created by the Airtel in the telecom market in India. The board of Telecom Regulatory Authority in India, provided 128 Internet Service Provider licenses in terms of service internet telephony (Greenstein, 2006). However, only 32 ISP have started to provide service of internet telephony in the telecom industry in India. Moreover, the consultation report of Telecom Regulatory Authority in India reported more than 72 millions Minutes of Usage on the internet telephony. The major telecom partner in India such as Vodafone, Airtel, Uninor, Aircel, Idea, etc accounted 95% of Minutes of Usage in Indian telecom Industry (Bourrea, 2015). From this report, it has been understand that, few of the licenses contributed their service to the Internet Services. According to the released r eport of Telecom Regulatory Authority in India, it has been understand that majority of Internet Service Providers has more than 12 subscribers in India. This description also supported by the Indian Telecom Service Performance Indicator Report. In India, the stand alone Internet Service Providers is only provide the plain Internet Access services such as Internet Lease Line, Internet Broadband Service, Dialup Internet, etc. Coucheney, Maille Tuffin (2013) argued that more than 65% user in India that subscribe internet are still use dialup internet access. Through the use of node in network, the web user in India accesses internet from the Internet Service Providers. In India, the user has not to pay any charges for rules or regulation maintenance (Owen, 2015). They have to pay only for the usage of Internet from Internet Service providers (Cheng, Bandyopadhyay Guo, 2011). However, recently majority of Internet Service Providers charges extra payment for the rules and regulation maintenance that known as the tax of internet usage (Trai.gov.in, 2015). The network system of the internet are set in a way that charge of the internet are paid directly to the internet service providers. Apart from that, the charge of internet us age especially the minutes of the internet usage for the most of dialup internet connections are low in India rather than other countries in the world such as United State of America, United Kingdom, etc. Bourrea (2015) opined that the charge of dialup internet usage in the internet network is marginally low rather than the other countries because majority if user in India used Broadband Service. 4.2 Transparency Obligations In India, the chares of broadband service is comparatively low rather than other countries throughout the world. The internet user in India that demands for higher internet usage pattern preferably shifted to the broadband service rather than using dialup network connection. The Internet Service Providers has not the last mile access in India. Therefore, there are many Internet Service providers that lay their own network in several part in India in terms of providing broadband internet service. This is the main reason of internet charges become high in India. Apart from that, as the ISPs laying their own network in several part for providing broadband service, there is not any viable for the small ISPs. In India, the ISPs has limited penetrations. However, the director of TRAI said that they provides the facility to the ISPs in terms of net neutrality that allows in establishing the last mile including optical fibre, radio signal technology, underground copper cable, etc (Coucheney, Maille Tuffin, 2013). Therefore, ISPS have to invest huge for this connection and they may adequate less return on investment. 4.3 Network Management Practices In the telecom industry in India, there are large number of internet service providers available with low scope because majority of them are affected as a license victim. In 2009, the Department of Telecommunication (DOT) set some reasonable and unreasonable practices through explaining the way of several techniques that considers the degradation or blockage in terms of congestion reduction within a particular traffic such as Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP). Apart from that, DOT also provides the information that equivalent to the consumption or the QoS (Quality of Service) (Trai.gov.in, 2015). Moreover, based on the content of the internet usage, DOT also set the practices of management in terms of justifying the harm of the user in internet networks (Owen, 2015). Blockage or the blocking rules of Department of Telecommunication helps in demonstrating the specific service that falls under the group of traffic degradation. For instance, Department of Telecommunication has flagged the issues regarding misuse of Internet Service Provider license (Cheng, Bandyopadhyay Guo, 2011). Moreover, the complicated business model of the Department of Telecommunication allows in identifying the intensity that meet with the need for in-depth discussion such as large number of licences that considers the limited subscribers as well as virtually contributed in the growth rate of internet. According to the recommendation of the spectrum allocation that government has been requested for allocating more than 200 MHz with the spectrum rate in 3.2 to 3.4. On the other hand, Hart (2011) presumed that differentiation of services was legitimate for commercial choice that undertake on seeking in terms of making the service of internet usage more interactive as well as attractive rather than the available competitor in India. Apart from that, the differentiation in Internet Service usage is allowed the ISPs in increasing customer service regarding the choice and welfare of the consumer (Ly, MacDonald Toze, 2012). Moreover, the positive differentiation such as out of cap delivery, higher priority, etc generated benefits for the specific ISPs that concern around the same condition regarding delivery of favourable content (Fas.org, 2015). For example, in present environment of internet industry in India considers the high Capex requirement, limited ability of spectrum that allows the ISPs in building the networks in low rate and make high return of investment (Trai.gov.in, 2015). It can also helps in mitigating the problem regarding broadban d connections. The region of Bangalore and Delhi is provision on the net neutrality demand throughout the India that an Internet Service Provider (Electronic Communication Providers) does not make any traffic discrimination as well as also never make the negative or the positive differentiation in Internet Usage. In terms of ensuring the adequate service characteristics in the internet network that make the case specialised service for the Internet Service Providers. Majority of the Internet Service providers in India collaborate with each other and use the laying fibre optical for providing broadband service to the user (Cheng, Bandyopadhyay Guo, 2011). It allows them in maintaining low cost in their service and achieves great return on investment. In terms of implementing the proper ad specific business models within the telecom industry in India, the ISPs pleasures the place properly for understanding the use of internet. It assists the organisation in understanding as well as building the specialised services with the net neutrality from the point of view of data volume pricing (Ly, MacDonald Toze, 2012). For example, Airtel operators launched the new 4G LTE internet access facilities within the all metro cities in India through understanding the requirement and demand of high speed int ernet for daily usage. Apart from that, the net neutrality in India offers specialized services that differ from the service of internet access that generally guaranteed about the quality of service (Trai.gov.in, 2015). The Internet Service Providers provides the specific content to the web user. The most frequent applications that offered by the operators in India are Voice Over Internet Protocol such as WhatsApp calling, face book calling, we chat calling, etc, IP Television such as watching movie online, access of special episode link or online music, etc and Video on Demand such as video on Internet like YouTube, etc. Hartman (2012) argued that access of specialised service in the internet some time slow the internet connection because it share wide range of access resources such as unutilized the static and dynamic capacity regarding allocation. However, in India, it has been seen that only 15 percent of the operators are cover the speed and maintain the speed in internet acces s and majority of operators unable to manage the networks the specialized service. For example, when the user used dial up connection and watching video online, the surfing speed of the internet are always slow down (Fas.org, 2015). It demonstrates the bandwidth rates of the operators are not as much as required for watching video online. In major cases, web user finds problem such as buffering during the online watching of movie or new released video (Coucheney, Maille Tuffin, 2013). 4.4 Description of policy Scenarios of Net Neutrality The net neutrality in India has several trends such as ban on traffic through law or the voluntary, development of minimum Quality of Service, designing of specialized service, etc. in the India, there is available several technologies that user friendly and make capable in improving the voice quality over internet (Coucheney, Maille Tuffin, 2013). Apart from that, the technologies are also allows the operates in providing high quality service with restriction of ISPs that rise in the gray market in India. Moreover, the use of internet is increased and the calling facilities of different application that works in internet usage such as Facebook calling, WhatsApp Calling, etc because the internet telephony is much lower regarding costs rather than the voice call (Cheng, Bandyopadhyay Guo, 2011). Apart from that, internet telephony provides the comparable speech quality. However, majority of internet subscribers are encouraged the use of internet telephony though it is not legally pe rmitted in India. Policy Scenario 1: The policy scenario 1 is related to the market especially gray market in India. In the Indian gray market, there are several users that frequently access internet through the available devices such as smart phone, computers, tablets, etc. In the gray market in India the calling function in internet that called the internet telephony illegally to PSTN abroad. In the Indian gray market, the user is allowed to connect regular telephone instrument in terms of calling to others over a broadband internet connection through the set of adopter that provided by the foreign companies such as D-Link, Betel, Siemens, etc (Ly, MacDonald Toze, 2012). In order to make the call or receive the call, users have to use these technologies. The adopters that used in order to make the internet telephony converts the voice into data and sending it to the other parties through the internet using the voice over internet protocol (Zelnick Zelnick, 2013). In India, the license conditions a llow in permitting using the Internet Protocol based on H. 323/SIP Terminals. This terminal are same for both the India and other countries in the world. Apart from that, in order to mitigate the problems of illegal use of internet service, Telecom Regulatory Authority of India intimated the Department of Technology (DOT) (Werkmeister, Post Becker, 2014). It helps in tracking the illegal use of internet IP through addressing scheme namely IANA. Policy Scenario 2: This is referred to the code of conduct that considers the marketing voluntary in the internet or telecom industry in India. In India, the internet service providers maintain high standards and enunciate of professional and ethical practices within the environment of internet services (Voss Musall, 2011). The Internet Service Provider Association of India and the members of the organisation took the responsibilities of adhering the law and co-operate with the enforcement of law agencies that act with the specified Indian Legal Framework. Apart from that, The member of ISPAI helps in never engaging the internet user within illegal activity according to the Information Technology Act 2000 (Verma, 2011). This policy provides in applying the legal framework for the internet user. Moreover, in terms of using the internet service in India, the user have to maintain or follow the jurisdictional and adhere laws that pertaining with the transaction reporting (Trak.in - Ind ian Business of Technology, Mobile Startups, 2015). Apart from that, according to the Information technology Act 2000, the members of internet users and the promotional services area may encourage anything with the penalty because this is an way of awfulness. The members of the ISPAI is also follow their duty proper in terms of harmony the professionals and public according to the legitimate of interest and right Public Service Initiatives that provides the service (Fas.org, 2015). For provision of internet service, the internet users have to abide the terms of conditions of the legal licences agreement for the letter spirit (Shin Han, 2012). The members of the internet service providers has to make code of conduct that will be clear with the clients in terms of providing the distributors or the channel partners in terms of breaching code of conduct. Apart from that, violation of law also has to be involved within the internet service providing operators. 5.0 Net Neutrality Flaws Hazlett (2011) cited that the rules and regulations of net neutrality in India is illegal. In India, the broadband service providers offer people that willing to pay extra for the usage rate of the internet service. Apart from that, Ho Yul Chung Mukharjee (2012) cited that it is fare and legal from the point of view of rules and regulation of the Telecom Regulatory Authority in India. It helps in ensuring that each and everything has fare share of the bandwidth. However, in major cases it has been seen that majority of the network service providers provides service without pay extra for the usage rate of internet. That is totally crime in perspective of internet use. On, Hootma, (2013) argued that fast lane service can allows in saving the life of the people. For example, telemedicine is one of the most use in the environment of health care service. In these modern days, the surgeon often use the risk remote surgery in terms of treating patient in a better and more comfortable way t hrough video streaming. Development of reasonable pricing system, regulation affected greatly within the welfare of the economy (Read, 2012). Apart from that, most important method that affected the net neutrality in India is the politics. Politics created great effect on every aspects of the India. In this typical culture, it has been too much tough in developing the reasonable pricing system. It greatly affected to the welfare of the economy (Fas.org, 2015). Therefore, government of the India has to set rules and regulations for their homogenous resources such as natural gases according to their categories (Raabe, 2011). The pricing mechanism is also one of the tough situation in India. It has been very hard to imagine the complex situation of mechanism of pricing regarding internet usage. Within the environment of Internet usage, wide range of broadband technologies are available that considers the wide range of broadband service for the web user in India. The main debated that identified within the India is the price of the service of net regulatory. In India, there are majorly seen that people usage internet without paying fare to the company. Therefore, it is more reasonable that government of the India has to set rules and regulation with the help of Telecom regulatory Authority in India in terms of making standardized pricing of the broadband service. Jain Kannan (2012) acknowledged the several issues that relates with the net neutrality in India. For example, the Wallsten and Hahn used the natural gas price was divided into five tires. Each of the prices was divided into different segment such as one tier sold the gas, one tier sold the price that depend on the base of the gas. However, according to the Natural Policy Gas Act 1978, there were more that 25 categories form the point of view of gas pricing. In India, the largest search engine Google provides the free Wi-Fi internet in terms of powered their advertisement through in ternet usage. However, majority of internet user used the free internet service for accessing free site in internet rather than searching the ads page of Google. Apart from that, Internet telephony services are not properly licences within India. Moreover, the internet service providers in India are also not paying any revenue share to the government that causes the loss revenue for the countrys economy. Apart from that, lawful inspection such as verification of users, traffic control over network, etc are also not properly maintained within India. Joch (2009) assumed that it is one of the big challenges as well as difficult tasks in India due to extreme use of illegal work. The main issues of illegal work in India comes from the internet service providers. The operators of the Internet service providers detent for illegal work. According to Jordan (2011), majority of person in India tries to use the most cheaper and user friendly network service that provides them higher facilities. In terms of accessing cheaper service, they are willing to illegal work. The Telecom firms in India and the Telecom Regulatory Authority in India are much affected by the players of Over the Top that played the important role on conducting rules and regulations for the Internet Service usage by the users (Publishing, 2013). The fear of the TRAI and most internet operations ate survival and existence because of mere revenue. According to the review report of TRAI, more than 214 billion international calls were made in the year of 2013 in India. Therefore, it took the 40% of global calls market in telecom industry. It causes huge revenue losses for the Network Operators in India. The director of the TRAI said that the OTT services innovate their services regularly. Therefore, customers got the full hd video calling service in free of cist just only pay for internet usage. Moreover, the quality of calling through Google voice service and Skype is improving rapidly. The quality of calling service of Skype is more reliable of Skype rather than earlier. It matches with the circuit switches call (Coucheney, Maille Tuffin, 2013). As the people demand for cheaper service in India, internet telephony service is widely used (Publishing, 2013). According to the management staffs of the Telecom Regulatory Authority in India, the services of Over the Top is singly covers the much revenue in the telecom industry usin g their easy and reliable platform (Powell Cooper, 2011). Therefore, TRAI now tries to implement the regulation over the services of OTT in order to increase revenue from the telecommunication industry. Due to excessive use of Internet, the TSPs have to concern more in order to remove the issues or challenges regarding difficulties of congestion and bandwidth. According to the review report, only 10% internet user consumed more than 90% bandwidth of the network operators. The mobile users are come from the point of view of consume in the Internet service. Apart from that, the uses of online movie or watching serials in Internet are become more popular in India. It gathers huge traffic on the network. For example, more than 60% bandwidth were consumed due to use of video streaming service in India. Therefore, skewed condition is compiled by the TSPs in terms of dividing the business models as well as various strategies that firmly relates with the capability and capacity issues rega rding internet usage (Coucheney, Maille Tuffin, 2013). Kgler Kruse (2011) acknowledged that openness is the guiding principle of the Internet. This is the key concept of growth of internet use in these modern days. The internet service providers or the developers of the internet web pages achieve higher success through innovating the several operations in internet. Moreover, Krmer, Wiewiorra Weinhardt (2013) cited that in the Internet area if the in business organisation develop their own portal and introduce the online business in the market, they are able to achieve higher success and large customer base. 6. Options for departure from the Net Neutrality In order to avoid the Net Neutrality in India, the web user has to maintain the decision that provided by the TRAI. In the telecommunication industry, TSPs helps in discriminating the certain types of political opinions and content. This can allows in hurting this kind of policies through diminishing the innovations in the complementary sector such as content dissemination, computer applications development, etc. The discriminate of pricing proposals have to be build through variety of ways that brings the significant of anti competitive in telecommunication industry (McKee, 2011). If the network access left unrestrained by the rules and regulations, need to provides services through providing incentives regarding content applications that available free in internet resources. According to Lipschultz (2012) mandating net neutrality will be the appropriate or suitable way regarding inconsistency with the sound economic management within the environment of internet. Innovation in applications development will be the better way of achieving the innovative respond towards price signals from the view point of platforms service providers such as producers of broadband services. It can allows in taking into account the potential congestions costs regarding applications of bandwidth intensive. In certain sector, there have to be fast line internet. It can helps the content providers in enabling the quality in terms of ensuring priority of delivering content such as telemedicine. Moreover, Long live net neutrality (2015) opined that building blocks or developing rules and regulation regarding the Net Neutrality will be effective way of imposing in these modern days usage rate of data traffic. TRAI has to set the priority for the Internet service Operators in terms of increasing the cost of the internet usage. Apart from that, TRAI has to set rules and regulations for advertising through internet in India. Caps will be the better process of earning through advertising and implement strongest advocates for the net neutrality. Moreover, Ly, MacDonald Toze (2012) argued that if any TRP threaten by the Google or Amazon from the point of view of charge, need to withdraw the service from that TSP. It will be the exact methodology for maintaining regulatory in India (Marsden, 2010). Moreover, the Internet Operators have to maintain proper pricing structures that allows in increasing earning because proper structure helps in handling properly to the hungry internet u ser through motivating them for charged for extra usage. Conclusion This study analysed the current situation of Net Neutrality in India. The analyst described that in India, the network providers such as Airtel, BSNL, Vodafone, etc used their best endeavours that help in preserving the neutral and open character of the internet. For example, in India the spectrum of wireless broadband service is he limited service providers. According to the director of Telecom Regulatory Authority in India recently recommended the spectrum allocation for the wireless broadband. Reference List Bailey Jr., C. (2013). Strong Copyright + DRM + Weak Net Neutrality = Digital Dystopia?.Information Technology And Libraries,25(3). Bourreau, M., Kourandi, F., Valletti, T. M. (2014). Net neutrality with competing internet platforms. Cheng, H., Bandyopadhyay, S., Guo, H. (2011). The Debate on Net Neutrality: A Policy Perspective.Information Systems Research,22(1), 60-82. Coucheney, P., Maille, P., Tuffin, B. (2013). Impact of Competition Between ISPs on the Net Neutrality Debate.IEEE Transactions On Network And Service Management,10(4), 425-433. Crocioni, P. (2011). Net Neutrality in Europe: Desperately seeking a market failure.Telecommunications Policy,35(1), 1-11. Fas.org, (2015). The Federal Communications Commission: Current Structure and Its Role in the Changing Telecommunications Landscape. Retrieved 15th May, 2015 from: https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL32589.pdf Firth, A., Pierson, N. (2011).The open Internet, net neutrality and the FCC. New York: Nova Science Publishers. Greenstein, S. (2006). Four nightmares for net neutrality.IEEE Micro,26(6), 12-13. Groh, P. (2012). Through A Router Darkly: How New American Copyright Enforcement Initiatives May Hinder Economic Development, Net Neutrality and Creativity.Pittsburgh Journal Of Technology Law And Policy,13(0). Guo, H., Cheng, H., Bandyopadhyay, S. (2012). Net Neutrality, Broadband Market Coverage, and Innovation at the Edge*.Decision Sciences,43(1), 141-172. Hart, J. (2011). The Net Neutrality Debate in the United States.Journal Of Information Technology Politics,8(4), 418-443. Hartman, T. (2012). Toll Booths on the Information Superhighway? Policy Metaphors in the Case of Net Neutrality.Political Communication,29(3), 278-298. Hazlett, T. (2011).The fallacy of net neutrality. New York: Encounter Books. Ho Yul Chung, à ¬Ã‚ Ã‚ ´Ãƒ ¬Ã†â€™Ã‚ Ãƒ «Ã‚ ¯Ã‚ ¼,. (2012). A Study on the Regulation of Net Neutrality in Korea.Sungkyunkwan Law Review,24(3), 717-741. Hootman, T. (2013).Net zero energy design. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Jain, R., Kannan, R. (2012).Game theory for networks. Heidelberg: Springer. Joch, A. (2009). Debating net neutrality.Commun. ACM,52(10), 14. Jordan, S. (2011). Traffic Management and Net Neutrality in Wireless Networks.IEEE Transactions On Network And Service Management,8(4), 297-309. Kgler, U., Kruse, J. (2011). Net neutrality regulation of the internet?.IJMNE,2(1), 3. doi:10.1504/ijmne.2011.042577 Krmer, J., Wiewiorra, L., Weinhardt, C. (2013). Net neutrality: A progress report.Telecommunications Policy,37(9), 794-813. Lipschultz, J. (2012). Video Review: Barbershop Punk: Net Neutrality, Media Consolidation and You.Journalism Mass Communication Educator,67(3), 313-314. Long live net neutrality. (2015).New Scientist,225(3006), 5. Ly, A., MacDonald, B., Toze, S. (2012). Understanding the net neutrality debate: Listening to stakeholders.First Monday,17(5). Marsden, C. (2010).Net neutrality. London: Bloomsbury Academic. McKee, H. (2011). Policy Matters Now and in the Future: Net Neutrality, Corporate Data Mining, and Government Surveillance.Computers And Composition,28(4), 276-291. Owen, B. M. (2015). Net Neutrality and Title II of the Communications Act. Retrieved 15th May, 2015 from: https://siepr.stanford.edu/system/files/shared/pubs/papers/briefs/PolicyBrief-1-15-owen.pdf Powell, A., Cooper, A. (2011). Net neutrality discourses: comparing advocacy and regulatory arguments in the United States and the United Kingdom.The information society,27(5), 311-325. Powell, A., Cooper, A. (2011). Net Neutrality Discourses: Comparing Advocacy and Regulatory Arguments in the United States and the United Kingdom.The Information Society,27(5), 311-325. Publishing, O. (2013).OECD Communications Outlook 2013. Paris: OECD Publishing. Publishing, O. (2013).OECD Communications Outlook 2013. Paris: OECD Publishing. Raabe, O. (2011). Tagungsbericht Net Neutrality and Open Access.Juristenzeitung,66(9), 463-464. Read, D. (2012). Net neutrality and the EU electronic communications regulatory framework.International Journal Of Law And Information Technology,20(1), 48-72. Shin, D., Han, E. (2012). How will net neutrality be played out in Korea?.Government Information Quarterly,29(2), 243-251. Trai.gov.in, (2015). Retrieved 4 May 2015, from: https://www.trai.gov.in/WriteReaddata/ConsultationPaper/Document/OTT-CP-27032015.pdf Trai.gov.in, (2015). Retrieved 4 May 2015, from: https://www.trai.gov.in/WriteReaddata/ConsultationPaper/Document/consultation27dec06.pdf Trak.in - Indian Business of Technology, Mobile Startups,. (2015).TRAI Wants To Tame OTTs With Licenses Regulations; Net Neutrality Is At Threat In India. Retrieved 4 May 2015, from https://trak.in/tags/business/2015/03/31/trai-ott-license-net-neutrality-threatened/ Verma, P. (2011). The elusive goal of net neutrality.International Journal Of Critical Infrastructure Protection,4(3-4), 135-136. Voss, K., Musall, E. (2011).Net zero energy buildings. Munich: EnOB. Web.cs.ucdavis.edu, (2015). Retrieved 4 May 2015, from: https://web.cs.ucdavis.edu/~rogaway/classes/188/fall11/p211.pdf Werkmeister, C., Post, D., Becker, P. (2014). Net Neutrality.Computer Law Review International,15(4). Zelnick, R., Zelnick, E. (2013).The illusion of net neutrality. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press.