Wednesday, July 31, 2019

Famous Elizabethans and Their Era Essay

The first about who we will talk is Edmund Spenser (1522-1599), who was an English poet best known for The Faerie Queene, an epic poem and fantastical allegory celebrating the Tudor Dynasty and Elizabeth I. he is recognized as one of the premier craftsmen of Modern English verse in its infancy, and one of the greatest poets in the English language. The first verses ever published by Spenser were six sonnets translated from Petrarch. Then followed The Shepherds Calendar, whose subject was suggested to him by Sydney. In writing it, Spenser used foreign models derived from Greek poetry, Latin, French, and Italian literature. The verses are still very conventional and show obvious signs of immaturity, the content is mythological-scholarly, though there are many beautiful descriptions of English rural scenery. The melody is often interrupted; however, it inaugurates a new era in English poetry. This new era is superbly by The Faerie Queene. The models which Spenser used when he embarked upon the difficult task of composing this poem, the most important and popular of all that he ever wrote, were Ariosto’s Orlando furioso and Tasso’s Gerusalemme Liberato. Conceived in the midst of the uncanny beauties of the Irish landscape, The Faerie Queene is far from indifferent to them, finding in them an important source of inspiration for his natural background; as important as medieval English and Celtic poetry were for the narrative. The chief task Spenser set himself was to amalgamate all these poetical elements and, by deepening the moral content of court poetry and by fertilizing it with the new humanistic ideas, to write an impressive national epic. Few poems more clearly illustrate the variety of influences from which most great literary works result. In many respects the most direct source was the body of Italian romances of chivalry, especially the ‘Orlando Furioso’ of Ariosto, which was written in the early part of the sixteenth century. These romances, in turn, combine the personages of the medieval French epics of Charlemagne with something of the spirit of Arthurian romance and with a Renaissance atmosphere of magic and of rich fantastic beauty. Spenser borrows and absorbs all these things and moreover he imitates Ariosto closely, often merely translating whole passages from his work. But this use of the Italian romances, further, carries with it a large employment of characters, incidents, and imagery from classical mythology and literature, among other things the elaborated similes of the classical epics. Spenser himself is directly influenced, also, by the medieval romances. Most important of all, all these elements are shaped to the purpose of the poem by Spenser’s high moral aim, which in turn springs largely from his Platonic idealism. To the beauty of Spenser’s imagination, ideal and sensuous, corresponds his magnificent command of rhythm and of sound. As a verbal melodist, especially a melodist of sweetness and of stately grace, and as a harmonist of prolonged and complex cadences, he is unsurpassable. But he has full command of his rhythm according to the subject, and can range from the most delicate suggestion of airy beauty to the roar of the tempest or the strident energy of battle. In vocabulary and phraseology his fluency appears inexhaustible. Here, as in ‘The Shepherd’s Calendar,’ he deliberately introduces, especially from Chaucer, obsolete words and forms, such as the inflectional ending in -en which distinctly contribute to his romantic effect. His constant use of alliteration is very skilful; the frequency of the alliteration on w is conspicuous but apparently accidental. For the external medium of all this beauty Spenser, modifying the ottava rima of Ariosto (a stanza which rimes abababcc), invented the stanza which bears his own name and which is the only artificial stanza of English origin that has ever passed into currency. The rime-scheme is ababbcbcc and in the last line the iambic pentameter gives place to an Alexandrine (an iambic hexameter). Whether or not any stanza form is as well adapted as blank verse or the rimed couplet for prolonged narrative is an interesting question, but there can be no doubt that Spenser’s stanza, firmly unified, in spite of its length, by its central couplet and by the finality of the last line, is a discovery of genius, and that the Alexandrine, ‘forever feeling for the next stanza,’ does much to bind the stanzas together. It has been adopted in no small number of the greatest subsequent English poems, including such various ones as Burns’ ‘Cotter’s Saturday Night,’ Byron’s ‘Childe Harold,’ Keats’ ‘Eve of St. Agnes,’ and Shelley’s ‘Adonais. ‘ In general style and spirit, it should be added, Spenser has been one of the most powerful influences on all succeeding English romantic poetry. Two further sentences of Lowell well summarize his whole general achievement: ‘His great merit is in the ideal treatment with which he glorified common things and gilded them with a ray of enthusiasm. He is a standing protest against the tyranny of the Commonplace, and sows the seeds of a noble discontent with prosaic views of life and the dull uses to which it may be put. The next famous Elizabethan that should be mentioned and about whom we will make a few references concerning his life, his work and his innovations in literature is Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593), who was an English dramatist, poet and translator of the Elizabethan era. As the foremost Elizabethan tragedian, he is known for his blank verse, his overreaching protagonist, and h is mysterious death. Marlowe’s reputation as a dramatist rests on five plays – Tamburlaine, Doctor Faustus, The Jew of Malta, Edward II, and Dido, Queen of Cartage. To these five masterpieces might be added The Massacre of Paris, a bloody-thirsty melodrama now, it seems, little read. In this handful of plays appears the first true voice of the Renaissance, of the period of a new learning, new freedom, new enterprise, of the period of worship of Man rather than God. Marlowe sums up the new age. The old restrictions of the Church and the limitation on knowledge have been destroyed; the world is opening up and the ships are sailing to new lands; wealth is being amassed; the great national aggressors are rising. But, above all, it is the spirit of human freedom, of limitless human power and enterprise that Marlowe’s plays convey. Tamburlaine is the great conqueror, the embodiment of tyrannical power; Barabas, the Jew of Malta, stands for monetary power; Faustus represents the most deadly hunger of all, for the power which supreme knowledge can give. Each one of Christopher Marlowe’s plays is, in a sense, a tour de force, a special creation. The Jew of Malta, Dido, and The Massacre of Paris, though abounding in passages of strength yet do not fulfill the requirements the author himself had set up. The Jew, however, was very popular, being performed thirty-six times in four years, which in those days was an unusual record. Marlowe’s first and most important service to drama was the improvement of blank verse. Greene had condemned its use as being unscholarly; Sackville and Norton had used it, but were not able to lift it above commonplace. In their work, it usually consisted of isolated lines, one following another, with no grouping according to thought. All the verses were made after one rhythmical pattern, with the same number of feet and the caesura always in place. Marlowe invented numberless variations while still keeping the satisfying rhythm within a recurring pattern. Sometimes he left a redundant syllable, or left the line one syllable short, or moved the position of the caesura. He grouped his lines according to the thought and adapted his various rhythms to the ideas. Thus blank verse became a living organism, plastic, brilliant, and finished. Marlowe’s second best gift to drama was his conception of the heroic tragedy built on a grand scale, with the three-fold unity of character, impression, and interest, instead of the artificial unities of time and place. Before his time tragedies were built either according to the loose style of the chronicle, or within the mechanical framework of the Seneca model; but in either case the dramatic unity attained by the Greeks was lacking. Marlowe and Shakespeare, with their disregard of the so-called classic rules, were in fact much nearer the spirit of Aeschylus and Sophocles than the slavish followers of the pseudo-classic schools. Marlowe painted gigantic ambitions, desires for impossible things, longings for a beauty beyond earthly conception, and sovereigns destroyed by the very powers which had raised them to their thrones. Tamburlaine, Faust, Barabbas are the personifications of arrogance, ambition and greed. There is sometimes a touch of the extravagant or bombastic, or even of the puerile in his plays, for he had no sense of humor; nor had he the ability to portray a woman. He wrote no drama on the subject of love. Furthermore, his world is not altogether our world, but a remote field of the imagination. It has been remarked that â€Å"in Marlowe’s superb verse there is very little to indicate that the writer had ever encountered any human beings. [1]In spite of this, he was great, both as a dramatist and poet. His short life, the haste of his work, the irregularities of his habits, these things combined to keep him from perfecting the creations of his imagination. Taken together, his plays imposed a standard upon all succeeding theatrical compositions. Before him, in England, there was no play of great importance; but after him, and based upon his work as a model, rose the greatest drama of English history. A friendlier critic, Mr. A. C. Swinburne, observes of this poet that â€Å"the father of English tragedy and the creator of English blank verse was therefore also the teacher and the guide of Shakespeare. † In this sentence there are two misleading assumptions and two misleading conclusions. Kyd has as good a title to the first honour as Marlowe; Surrey has a better title to the second; and Shakespeare was not taught or guided by one of his predecessors or contemporaries alone. The less questionable judgment is, that Marlowe exercised a strong influence over later drama, though not himself as great a dramatist as Kyd; that he introduced several new tones into blank verse, and commenced the dissociative process which drew it farther and farther away from the rhythms of rhymed verse; and that when Shakespeare borrowed from him, which was pretty often at the beginning, Shakespeare either made something inferior or something different. To sum up we can say that Marlowe’s major contribution to the Elizabethan drama is due to his vigorous and masterly use of blank verse (his ‘’mighty line’’) – a poetic form consisting of unrhymed iambic pentameters which is much nearer to conversational, natural English than any other metrical form. It is vigorous, flexible, and it can suit itself to the necessities of declamation, oratory, exposition, speechmaking, etc. , being used by Shakespeare himself to extraordinary effect. The last but not the least famous Elizabethan we have to speak is Ben Johnson (1572-1637), who was an English renaissance dramatist, poet and actor. A contemporary of William Shakespeare, he is best known for his satirical plays, particularly Volpone, The Alchemist and Bartholomew Fair, which are considered his best and his lyrical poems. A man of vast reading and unparalleled breadth of influence on Jacobean and Caroline playwrights and poets. The second place among the Elizabethan and Jacobean dramatists is universally assigned, on the whole justly, to Ben Jonson, who both in temperament and in artistic theories and practice presents a complete contrast to Shakespeare. Most conspicuous in his dramas is his realism, often, as we have said, extremely coarse, and a direct reflection of his intellect, which was as strongly masculine as his body and altogether lacking, where the regular drama was concerned, in fineness of sentiment or poetic feeling. He early assumed an attitude of pronounced opposition to the Elizabethan romantic plays, which seemed to him not only lawless in artistic structure but unreal and trifling in atmosphere and substance. That he was not, however, as has sometimes been said, personally hostile to Shakespeare is clear, among other things, from his poetic tributes in the folio edition of Shakespeare and from his direct statement elsewhere that he loved Shakespeare almost to idolatry. ) Jonson’s purpose was to present life as he believed it to be; he was thoroughly acquainted with its worser side; and he refused to conceal anything that appeared to him significant. His plays, therefore, have very much that is flatly offensive to the taste which seeks in literature, prevailingly, for idealism and beauty; but they are, nevertheless, generally speaking, powerful portrayals of actual life. Jonson’s purpose, however, was never unworthy; rather, it was distinctly to uphold morality. His frankest plays, as we have indicated, are attacks on vice and folly, and sometimes, it is said, had important reformatory influence on contemporary manners. He held, indeed, that in the drama, even in comedy, the function of teaching was as important as that of giving pleasure. His attitude toward his audiences was that of a learned schoolmaster, whose ideas they should accept with deferential respect; and when they did not approve his plays he was outspoken in indignant contempt. Jonson’s self-satisfaction and his critical sense of intellectual superiority to the generality of mankind produce also a marked and disagreeable lack of sympathy in his portrayal of both life and character. The world of his dramas is mostly made up of knaves, scoundrels, hypocrites, fools, and dupes; and it includes among its really important characters very few excellent men and not a single really good woman. Jonson viewed his fellow-men, in the mass, with complete scorn, which it was one of his moral and artistic principles not to disguise. His characteristic comedies all belong, further, to the particular type which he himself originated, namely, the ‘Comedy of Humors. ‘ In opposition to the free Elizabethan romantic structure, Jonson stood for and deliberately intended to revive the classical style; though with characteristic good sense he declared that not all the classical practices were applicable to English plays. He generally bserved unity not only of action but also of time (a single day) and place, sometimes with serious resultant loss of probability. In his tragedies, ‘Sejanus’ and ‘’Catiline,’’ he excluded comic material; for the most part he kept scenes of death and violence off the stage; and he very carefully and slowly constructed plays which have nothing, indeed, of the poetic greatness of Sophocles or Euripides ( rather a Jonson’s broad solidity) but which move steadily to their climaxes and then on to the catastrophes in the compact classical manner. He carried his scholarship, however, to the point of pedantry, not only in the illustrative extracts from Latin authors with which in the printed edition he filled the lower half of his pages, but in the plays themselves in the scrupulous exactitude of his rendering of the details of Roman life. The plays reconstruct the ancient world with much more minute accuracy than do Shakespeare’s; the student should consider for himself whether they succeed better in reproducing its human reality, making it a living part of the reader’s mental and spiritual possessions. Jonson’s style in his plays, especially the blank verse of his tragedies, exhibits the same general characteristics. It is strong, compact, and sometimes powerful, but it entirely lacks imaginative poetic beauty, it is really only rhythmical prose, though sometimes suffused with passion. Last, and not least: Jonson’s revolt from romanticism to classicism initiated, chiefly in non-dramatic verse, the movement for restraint and regularity, which, making slow headway during the next half century, was to issue in the triumphant pseudo-classicism of the generations of Dryden and Pope. Thus, notable in himself, he was significant also as one of the moving forces of a great literary revolution.

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Psychological Assesment: IQ Tests Essay

The IQ test I found and tested on the Internet is IQTEST.COM (http://www.iqtest.com/).   It employs a series of 38 multiple-choice questions that prohibits the use of pencil and paper so that only mental thinking and computation will be used by the individual taking the test.   After completing the test, the score is sent to the individual by email.   I got an IQ test score of 125, which is categorized as above average.   An intelligence quotient or IQ is a value that represents an individual’s mental capabilities in relation to other individuals of the same age.   It is understood that each individual has several particular mental capabilities and that specific abilities may be assessed using an efficient method.   There is a strong correlation between an intelligence quotient and the likelihood to succeed in the academe and business worlds.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The IQ score was classically employed to evaluate individuals that were thought to be of low intelligence or to assess children who needed special education.   The IQ test was then created as a comparative tool to determine if a child’s mental ability was at par with other children belonging to the same age range.   When a child receives a higher than normal score from the IQ test, the child is considered more intelligent than the average child of that particular age range.   The current IQ tests are used for any age and it now not meant to determine any level of mental retardation.   Newer IQ tests are designed to be free of bias from cultural and religious differences and there is no need for comparison to other individuals of the same age range.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I find that the IQ test offered by IQTEST.COM to be highly credible because it requires mental comprehension of the question and thinking without the use of any peripheral materials such as pencil and paper.   However, it would be better if there were more types of questions than plain abstract topics.   I was thinking that their IQ test would also include visual acuity which is also a good indicator of perception and processing. Reference http://www.iqtest.com/

Monday, July 29, 2019

Managing Quality, Customers and Performance Essay

Managing Quality, Customers and Performance - Essay Example This statement sums up the kind of efforts required to deliver value to the customer and for producing a quality product. An individual's beliefs or conceptions about what is desirable, good or bad - forms the value system (Kotler, 1974). For Hotel Hilton, Optimus Ireland's Best award in December 2006 will go a long way towards encouraging it to perform still better. Innovation, excellence and value addition go hand in hand in today's competitive environment. Customers and the target segments are crucial stakeholders for hotel Hilton. Different types of value addition strategies are adopted by businesses to grow. These could involve trying out different types of market-product combinations, carrying out the business according to certain sets of principles, segmenting the market in their own way, or relying on the feedback of customers for shaping the final service. All this is possible only with the coordination and management of employees of the hotel, service processes, technology and other resources in order to produce better services for the customer. Hilton Hotels Corporation is recognized all over the world as a well known hospitality company1, offering guests and customers the finest accommodations, services, amenities and value for business or leisure. The group has been serving its customers for more than 80 years now. Conrad Hilton purchased his first hotel, The Mobley, in 1919, in Cisco, Texas. The first hotel to carry the "Hilton" name was built in 1925 in Dallas. There's no looking back since then. Today Hilton Hotels Corporation develops, owns, manages and franchises over 2,900 hotels, resorts and vacation ownership properties worldwide, with brand names like Hilton, Hilton Garden Inn, Doubletree, Embassy Suites Hotels, Homewood Suites by Hilton, Hampton, Hilton Grand Vacations and Conrad (Datamonitor, 2006). In recent years, Hilton has been able to boost its leading position in the corporate travel and conference markets while making significant inroads into the growing leisure sector. The hospitality sector has become very much competitive with more and more companies entering the hospitality business with innovative ideas and newer technology. In order to maintain brand advantage, Hilton is constantly developing products and services designed to meet guests' changing demands and offer an enhanced experience. In order to create more opportunities for growth the shareholder of Hilton Group approved the sale of its hotels operation to Hilton Hotels Corporation for $5,900 million in January 2006. With the present operations in more than 80 countries, the hotel chain promises much more as the awards like the Optimus Ireland's Best award encourages it to do more. 3. Role of Quality The final service/ product and quality are to be valued by the customers. Quality is a function of value addition or vice-versa. The value that has been added to the product has to be seen in relation to the customer's needs and expectations. In general, for an organisation there are both external and internal customers. The external customers are those who use the services of the hotel while the internal customers are the employees and other internal stakeholders. Once the service is delivered to the intended

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Business Plan Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Plan Review - Essay Example The Company was established on February 1, 2007 and is seeking equity investors who can invest up to $100,000, in return for 20% equityThe new venture proposes to acquire a set of leased cars and offer them from strategic vantage points or car pods, from which customers will be able to accessThe car sharing venture will be commenced from one central nub, the South Bank area in Brisbane, from which it will be extended to other such nubs.The venture targets those customers who are environmentally conscious and proposes to work with two primary market segments – corporate customers who are likely to be frequent and heavy users of car share vehicles during week days and private customers who may use the cars less frequently and for shorter periods and be targeted for evening and weekend use, to achieve optimum utilization of the cars. It proposes to make customers aware of its services through its own website and also through a variety of advertisements and flyers. Additionally, i t will also align with the Brisbane City Council in ensuring that complementary websites are linked to its own website to generate leads from environmentally conscious customers.The Plan makes some provisions for potential risks. For one, it allows for the uncertainty in customer use and preference for car sharing by proposing to first lease the cars and prevent an initially huge capital outlay.

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Global Warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Global Warming - Essay Example His claim is based on the fact that man has the ability to create artificial tropical living conditions through warm clothing and heated offices and homes. The species too are threatened not by the climate change but by the destruction of the habitat such as deforestation. The climate according to this biologist is being used as a scapegoat to divert the attention from other environmental crimes. Warming temperatures promote biodiversity – the warmer the regions is the more diverse its species. The greenhouse effect could help improve biodiversity in the long run. Reichholf explains that biodiversity reached its peak a few million years ago when it was much warmer than it is today. In fact when the ice ages came and the temperatures dropped, species became extinct especially in the north. In warmer climates species receives new habitats. In warmer climates survival is easier. At the same time consensus is growing among scientists, governments and businesses that something must be done to combat the climate change. The nation’s largest utility companies have been forced to ensure that they reduce the emissions of the gas that are believed to be warming the earth as it threatens the economy, the health, the natural resources and the children’s future (Business Week, 2004). The Bush Administration does not believe that the Kyoto protocol and the mandatory curbs would help the situation; it would on the contrary cripple the economy and hence advise new low-carbon technologies. The scientists do not foresee any danger because the planet is only going to be slightly warmer and there is nothing that can avoid it. The scientists claim that carbon dioxide and other gases act like the roof of a greenhouse. Energy from the sun can pass through easily and some of the warmth that would be naturally radiated back remains trapped, thereby warming the plan et. If

Friday, July 26, 2019

Facebook Inc Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Facebook Inc - Term Paper Example User can then enjoy its services including the exchanging of messages, joining groups that suit them like their schools or work places. Facebook was started by Markl Zuckerberg together with his friends and roommates from college. When it started it only gave membership to the students of Harvard. It later spread out incorporating other colleges in Boston. Eventually its number increased to students in high schools and anybody above the age of 13. This does not mean that there are no children below 13 years who have Facebook accounts. A research by Consumer Reports reported that there are about 20 million children below 13 years who have Facebook accounts thereby breaching its terms of service. In 2009, Facebook was ranked as the most famous social networking site. Most fans of facebook commend it stating that Facebook helps them remember their colleagues and friends’ birthdays, bug their friends, play games, chat with long term friends among other uses. Its critics are howeve r complaining that is has become an obsession especially in the United States. They have complained that it is a time waster and supports narcissism. Facebook is estimated to have about 150 million new visitors from the United States in May 2011. Two years ago, it was estimated that about 42% of the population in United States had opened up Facebook accounts. In May 2011, its market growth started deteriorating; it lost 7 million users especially in Canada and the United States. This paper will discuss the market trends, market structure, business environment, pricing strategies, and government role. It will also analyze the nature of its products and services in United States as compared to other countries. 1. Nature of Product/Service Facebook Life cycle A product Life cycle is significant in marketing. These stages are Introduction, Growth, Maturity, and Decline. Sales are not as important in the introduction stage not unless the brand has already taken effect. At the introductio n stage, the users are introduced to the service where they are expected to register. Users are able to request their friends to join Facebook. This stage usually has its users using it for communication and networking. At the growth stage, Facebook starts inventing new features but not many registrations come up. This is where users employ the services mainly for commercial use. The maturity stage does not have much going. Registrations greatly reduce, and some users may opt to terminate their accounts. Finally, the decline stage has more people terminating their accounts than joining. A good example of a social site at this stage is MySpace. According to a recent research carried out, investors would rethink of their decision to join Facebook before doing so. This is due to the fact that Facebook is currently at the downward slope of the life cycle, especially in its major markets like the United States of America. Even though Facebook appears to be doing perfectly well as will be discussed in this paper, it is in its third stage, which is maturity, heading to the fourth stage, which is decline particularly in most of its biggest markets in the world. The first sign of its decline was the report on its traffic drop in its largest markets: United States and Canada. The first time, it lost about six million users. It has continually fluctuated around this figure since then. At the same time, UK, Russia and Norway recorded a loss of about 100, 000. Facebook’s reports do not however, indicate these figures, but instead reflects a growth. This growth is said to be gained from countries that have embraced Facebook late. Role of technology Facebook’

Social media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Social media - Essay Example However, fashion brands also have to be aware of the difficulties that they raise by adopting the digital approach. In recent years, social networking websites such as Facebook and Twitter have developed a platform for people to connect and create a community for mutual interests. Social media not only allows consumers to interact and build relationships, it also helps to stimulate discussions on key ideas, thoughts and interests. Since social media has become widely used for communication and businesses have kept up with fast pace of the change in technology and incorporated this emerging, innovative platform into their marketing strategies. Social media marketing has become a significant element for digital marketing as it allows businesses to learn about customers and provide support in order to improve the consumer perception towards the company. (Chaffey & Ellis-Chadwick, 2012) (P.535) Even though social media is identified as a low-cost media platform that allows businesses to communicate brand activities, the adoption of social media by fashion houses was a little slower as they fear that their well-developed brand images would be damaged by the transparency and openness of the brand information. While traditional advertising channels have more control on the output and minimize the risk of their messages being misinterpreted, such an approach invariably has its costs. (Meadows, 2012)(P.163) The brand was founded in Toronto, Canada in 1985 and acquired as a subsidiary of Polo Ralph Lauren Corporation in 1999. As such, it is a popular fashion and lifestyle brand among international shoppers and is distributed in more than 115 stockists ; spanning from the United States, Canada, Hong Kong, China, Seoul, Singapore and a litany of others. By using the brand’s highly acclaimed blog, Culture Club is the highlight of its social media marketing strategy and develops alongside other social media platforms to distribute the

Thursday, July 25, 2019

CV Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

CV - Essay Example I now know that architecture is what I was born to do, and I will pursue this goal wherever it takes me. My educational achievements, along with extracurricular activities, prove that I am a committed and hard-working person in all aspects of my life. I had the privilege of studying at Kingston University in London due to the generosity of the Saudi Arabian government, which gave me a full scholarship. During my training experiences, I was able to get along with my co-workers and learn how to fit into a team. The specific activities that I had the opportunity to perform include model making and sketching. When I received training at Retaj Consulting & Engineering last summer, I interned in the architectural department. Please refer to my resume for more information and do not hesitate to contact me if there is anything that you would like to discuss with me. Thank you for taking the time to consider my application and I look forward to hearing your response

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

The Coca-Cola Company Struggles with Ethical Crises Essay

The Coca-Cola Company Struggles with Ethical Crises - Essay Example The Belgian government ordered Coca-Cola to recall all its products, a move that was also witnessed in the Netherlands and Luxembourg. Coca-Cola at first underestimated the gravity of the matter, and took several days before correcting the situation or even going to the press about the issue. As a result of this delay, other people continued to suffer from the contaminated products, which had been determined to be the result of a consignment of carbon dioxide that had been improperly processed. France also reported about a hundred people had become ill after consuming coke, which led to all Coca-Cola products being banned from the country (Ferrell, Ferrell & Fraedrich ,2011) . The situation escalated and culminated in December the same year, when Belgium ordered Coca-Cola to halt a campaign it had launched to re-introduce its products in the country. Coca-Cola market eminence in Europe reduced significantly after this scandal, due to the incapability of the corporation to handle the cases professionally and with the seriousness they deserved. Coca-Cola was also accused of unfair competition in the international arena especially in European countries. In 1999, Coca-Cola sought to expand its market in France by trying to purchase a beverage company. The government intervened and stopped Coca-Cola from acquiring the company, under the antitrust laws of the European Union. Other countries such as Italy also accused Coca-Cola of anticompetitive prices and won a case against the company on the same. Other companies such as Pepsi also accused Coca-Cola of using discounts and refunds to get more consumers, something that was against European laws. Allegations of racial discrimination also plagued the Coca-Cola Company in 1999, after about 1500 employees of African-American descent sued the company on grounds of racial discrimination. The employees complained that favoritism was evident, in terms of payment, performance analysis and promotion. These allegations caused a lot of unrest in the company, and Coca-Cola had to pay 193 million dollars to settle the case (Griffin & Moorhead, 2011). Another case was in store for Coca-Cola, when it was accused of shipping more inventories to its supplies before a quarter was over, against business law. Afterwards, the company would count the shipments as sales, despite such goods remaining in the warehouses or being returned. These sales were then counted as revenue, thus creating the impression of a strong company, therefore, fooling investors who believed the inflated profits. Distributors of Coca-Cola products in the U.S sued the company in early 2006, after the company started using delivery agents to supply its products to warehouses. This move according to the distributors was against antitrust laws, and Coca-Cola had to find a way to settle this dispute. In Colombia, accusations surfaced between 2001 and 2004 that Coca-Cola had been intimidating its employees since 1989. Statistics showed that eight w orkers had died, 48 forced into hiding, and 65 issued with death threats in the Colombian bottling plant. The workers union sought compensation for the affected families, although Coca-Cola maintains that these allegations were unfounded. In India, the Coca-Cola subsidiary was accused of using contaminated ground water to make soft drinks, resulting in excess levels of pesticides in these drinks. In addition to this,

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Specific Therapeutic Technique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Specific Therapeutic Technique - Essay Example Manipulative and Body-Based Practices - Here force in controlled conditions is used to regain health specifically in relation to painful joints and muscles. These are basically massage and stretching techniques. The specific therapeutic technique being discussed is Acupuncture- this is falls under 'Whole Medicine' classification of National Centre for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. It is part of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Acupuncture can be defined as the technique of inserting needles at the acupuncture points in the body to restore the health of the body by getting rid of disease and pain. Loss of balance between yin and yang energies is believed to be the cause of diseases. Treatment involves applying pressure on the 12 "meridians" or the primary pathways. There are other secondary pathways which are also used to treat the patient depending upon the severity as elaborated later. This technique is believed to have originated in China in ancient times, stray evidence of its practice even found in stone age though it seemed to become more prevalent from 1st millennium BCE more from the time of Hang Dynasty, though like all ancient practices it is difficult to pin point exact date or country of origin as similar techniques seem to have been used by the Koreans and Japanese. Conventionally however it is associated with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). ... in ancient times, stray evidence of its practice even found in stone age though it seemed to become more prevalent from 1st millennium BCE more from the time of Hang Dynasty, though like all ancient practices it is difficult to pin point exact date or country of origin as similar techniques seem to have been used by the Koreans and Japanese. Conventionally however it is associated with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). During the early days of Chinese Revolution it was dismissed as superstitious and backward, driving it underground for fear of reprisal. It was much later that Mao decided to revive it as he considered ancient Chinese medicine as a cultural treasure and started efforts to improve and modernize it. In the US its early users were Chinese railroad workers who had learnt it from the elders using it as self medication in their families. The theory of acupuncture is explained as certain points on the bodies which loosely correspond to the organs of the body though some points may not have one to one relationship with any organ. It is believed that disease occurs if there is an imbalance between yin and yang energies of the body and treatment involves modifying the activity of body subsystems by applying pressure or heat at pressure points. These points are now conventionally known as acupuncture points. These are present along layers of 12 primary pathway meridians, 8 extraordinary pathways located throughout the body. Un associated points are also believed to be present known as tender points which are used to treat of localized discomfort. Each of the 12 pathways is associated with one of the twelve zang fu organs, 6 are yin and 6 are yang pathways. 3 yin and 3 yang are believed to be present on the arms and 3 each on the legs. Life force or "qi" is

Monday, July 22, 2019

Disney World Essay Example for Free

Disney World Essay Looking out the window of the airplane as we landed in Orlando, Florida, I felt anticipation, excitement, and exhaustion. It was July 2003 and we were on a family vacation to Walt Disney World. The plane had departed from Philadelphia International Airport at 8 a.m. My parents slept soundly and my younger brother and sister were so excited because like me, it was their first trip to Disney World as well, that they couldn’t even sit still on the plane. Soon, we would all be experiencing the thrill of the Magic Kingdom. My siblings could barely contain their enthusiasm as we drove in our rented Ford minivan to the hotel. After freshening up at the hotel, all five of us climbed into the minivan and headed to Walt Disney World. After maneuvering through a maze of on ramps and off ramps, we were finally at the Magic Kingdom. By the time we were actually inside the theme park, it was lunch time so we decided to eat first before going on our adventures. We were told there were some very nice restaurants outside the Magic Kingdom, a boat ride away; but since my siblings and I were so eager to go on the rides, my parents decided to go with fast food within the theme park. The greatest disappointment of the day was the missing rides. Hannahs favorite ride is Alice in Wonderland; she can and has ridden it ten times in a row at Disneyland. It doesnt exist at the Magic Kingdom. Megans favorite Disneyland ride was also absent, Roger Rabbits Cartoon spin. After all the anticipation, to have the two rides which mattered most to the twins missing, was quite a let down. We couldnt find Indiana Jones or Star Tours, either, so Bill asked an employee about the missing rides. It turns out, you can experience those movie type rides at Disneys MGM studios, for a separate admission price. We were stunned. Bill and I found our mounting discontent compounded by the physical discomfort we felt standing in lines in 90-degree temperatures with 90% humidity. Disneyland with its California location has dry, comfortable weather most of the year. Disneyland is also blessed with a wonderful sea breeze during the hot summers. The Magic Kingdom is located inland with muggy, hot conditions year round. We felt the Magic Kingdom was a waste of time and money. Disneyland is far superior to the Magic Kingdom. I think it was insulting to the customers to charge more in admission than Disneyland and offer significantly less in the form of entertainment. I felt Disney management was greedy. The kids did enjoy themselves, but we adults left the theme park feeling ripped off. As a general rule we never take the kids to Disneyland more than once a year. But so much was missing from the Magic Kingdom Experience; we took them three months later to Disneyland and had a great time. On the first day in Disney World, my dad and I went on all of the Mountain rides like Splash Mountain, Thunder Mountain, and Space Mountain. My favorite was Space Mountain because the ride is inside, and there are no lights so you cannot see at all. I also won a stuffed dog at a game stand.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

The Street | A Rose for Emily | A Story of an Hour | Themes

The Street | A Rose for Emily | A Story of an Hour | Themes The process of evaluating and interpreting literature is to understand what type of philosophy it presents and to compare our own values with the text. Since literature enlightens and entertains, the text draws readers into its artistic worlds. In addition, certain factors in literature affect the readers assumption about the reading, such as character, setting, or theme. This paper will address a theme comparison between one poem and two short stories. Evaluations and interpretations are essential tools, which are constructive aspects in the literary connection process. More importantly, these viewpoints help us to think critically about the text details and dialect (DiYanni, 2007 p. 7). According to Octavio Pazs The Street, William Faulkners A Rose for Emily, and Kate Chopins A Story of an Hour, isolation was the common theme within their stories. Moreover, these literary works consist of feelings of lonesomeness in the major characters within their text. For example, the theme for these three literary works depicts lonely thoughts and isolated settings. The following characterizations are based on comparing literary works: observing and interpreting. Although there are themes that are mutual in various literary works, what type of connection and distinction do they share? The Street, A Rose for Emily, A Story of an Hour Similarities Observing and comparing literature is to explore the similarities of the stories. For instance, the poem The Street has a similar thematic idea of loneliness, to the following two short stories, A Rose for Emily and A Story for an Hour. In The Street, the poet describes a feeling of a mans journey down a dark street. The passage, Everything dark and doorless, only my steps aware of me (DiYanni, 2007), illustrates that the atmosphere was gloomy and lack privacy. Since it is not clear why this character was alone in the street, some thoughts/questions did come to mind, such as was this person homeless, was this person mentally challenged or did this person just in need of alone time? Moreover, an illustrative phrase in this poem somewhat describes the characters frame of mind. For instance, if I run, he runs, I turn: nobody, (DiYanni, 2007). A general assumption of this wording would be; was someone actually following him or was it only his shadow? In general, this characters role in T he Street encountered an emotive stroll down a long and still street, which appears to be an illustration of a solitude tone. Similar to the solitude theme of The Street, the concept of loneliness and isolation are revealed in the short story, A Rose for Emily as an expressive description of Emilys life after death of her father and lover. The writer expresses how Emilys attitude transformed, physically and emotionally. Emily, the major character, experienced isolation after the death of her father. For instance, the authors language suggested that after her fathers death, Emily did not care to interact with other people in the community and decided to live in her only little world. DiYanni (2007) state that After her fathers death she went out very littleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦people hardly saw her at all (p. 80). According to this phrase, isolation was Emilys innermost mind-set, which was her way of coping calamity. In comparison with character in The Street, the thought of mentally challenge or insane came to mind when Emily wanted to buy a toxic item from the pharmacist. Since Emily never mentioned why she need ed the poison, and since Emily remained indoors often after her fathers death, her actions did trigger a curious question-what was Emily planning to do with such a deadly element. Ideally, living a lonely and isolated life could cause an emotional way of thinking. Another story that shares the solitude theme as in the short poem The Street is A Story of an Hour. The writer tells a story about a woman who isolated herself after hearing the news that her husband has died in a train accident. Ms. Mallard, the main character, expressed her emotions after the news of her husbands death. Hence, Ms. Mallards reaction to the report caused a feeling of isolation-similar to The Street and A Rose for Emily character, a solitary event. After Ms. Mallard breaks down and cries, she goes to her room to be alone. DiYanni (2007) notes that When [her weeping was over,] she went away to her room alone. She would not have no one follow her (p.38). The Street, A Rose for Emily, A Story of an Hour Differences As for another method for comparing these three literary works is to detect their theme differences. A noticeable distinction that did stand out among all three literary works, were the characters gender. The major characters in A Rose for Emily and A Story of an Hour are women; however, the major/solo character in The Street was a male. Although the author of The Street made no clear reference of the name of the main character that was walking in the street alone, the writers of A Rose for Emily and The story of an Hour, Emily and Mrs. Mallard were the names of main characters who shared a period of aloneness and sadness within their life. Furthermore, the ending of these literary works are different as well. The character in The Street remains in the street alone with no suggestion of a specific destination. As (DiYanni, 2007) points out, Poems stimulate our imaginations (p. 6). Therefore, the author- leading the outcome as a cliffhanger, implies guessing what happens next. Unlike the characters in A Rose for Emily and The Story of an Hour, their destination ends in death. Conclusion In summary, since the common theme in The Street, A Rose for Emily, and The Story for an Hour involves a feeling of aloneness as with the framework, the concept of being alone could be described in different ways. In other words, in comparing these themes, the isolated reactions of these characters derive from specific issues, such as sickness or death. Moreover, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦to characterize the relationship of [literary works,]à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the cause leading to effect [and] external event triggering [the] internal response ((DiYanni, 2007, p. 7), should determine their similarities and differences. On a final note, the most interesting idea among the three preceding literary works was how the author expressed the characters emotions through their thoughts and actions. In other words, the writers intention is to emphasize what the event would say, which would eventually reveal his or her goal-the theme of the story. Similarities  · Is similar to  · Both  · Also  · Too  · As well  · Like Differences  · On the other hand  · However  · But  · Although  · Unlike  · While Cue Words Cue words and other tips To help your reader keep track of where you are in the comparison/contrast, youll want to be sure that your transitions and topic sentences are especially strong. Your thesis should already have given the reader an idea of the points youll be making and the organization youll be using, but you can help her/him out with some extra cues. The following words may be helpful to you in signaling your intentions: like, similar to, also, unlike, similarly, in the same way, likewise, again, compared to, in contrast, in like manner, contrasted with, on the contrary, however, although, yet, even though, still, but, nevertheless, conversely, at the same time, regardless, despite, while, on the one hand à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ on the other hand. For example, you might have a topic sentence like one of these: Compared to Peppers, Amante is quiet. Like Amante, Peppers offers fresh garlic as a topping. Despite their different locations (downtown Chapel Hill and downtown Carrboro), Peppers and Amante are both fairly easy to get to. Like in any essay, finish your essay by summarizing the points you made in the body. Ex: Although each is a commercially grown tree fruit, growing temperatures and differences in processing apples and oranges clearly makes a distinction between the two fruits. Appropriate use of transitions and cue words help make your essay conclusion easy to summarize. Writing a contrast and compare and essay is as easy as comparing apples and oranges!

Study Of Blue Eye Technology

Study Of Blue Eye Technology Blue eye is the technology to make computers sense and understand human behavior and feelings and react in the proper ways. The blue eye technology aims at creating computational machines that have perceptual and sensory ability like those of human beings. It uses non-obtrusive sensing method, employing the most modern video cameras and microphones to identify the users actions through the use of imparted sensory abilities. The machine can understand what a user wants, where he is looking at, and even realize his physical or emotional states. This paper outlines the system over view, design features besides hardware part. The concept of the technology is the system recognizes through its various modules the basic emotions and feelings evinced by the user. This paper brings out the features of this technology, the various methods of giving the inputs to the system, design challenges and the emerging trends. Application of this technology in areas like automobile, surveillance system etc. is also dealt with. THE TERM BLUE EYE: BLUE in the term stands for Bluetooth, which enables reliable wireless communication. EYE, because the eye movement enables us to obtain a lot of interesting and important information. BASIC IDEA: In general, the blue eye technology aims at : creating interactive computer. computer acts as partner (and friend) to the user. realizes his physical or emotional states. gives computer human power. provide technical means for monitoring and recording operator physiological conditions Design smarter devices . Create devices with emotional intelligence . Create computational devices with perceptual abilities. BLUE EYE TECHNOLOGY: The complex solution for human-operator monitoring: Visual attention monitoring Physiological condition Operators position detection Wireless data acquisition using Bluetooth Real time user defined alarm triggering Recorded data playback Gesture recognition, Facial recognition, Eye tracking, Speech recognition, Doesnt predict nor interfere with operators thoughts Cannot force directly the operator to work SYSTEM OVERVIEW: Blue eye system provides technical means for monitoring and recording the operators basic physiological parameters. The most important parameter is saccadic activity ( Saccade is a rapid eye jump to a new location assigned by the conscious attention process), which enables the system to monitor the status of the operators visual attention along with head acceleration, which accompanies large displacement of the visual axis (saccades larger than 15 degrees). Complex industrial environment can create a danger of exposing the operator to toxic substances, which can affect his cardiac, circulatory and pulmonary systems. Thus, on the grounds of lethysmographic signal taken from the forehead skin surface, the system computes heart beat rate and blood oxygenation. The blue eye system checks above parameters against abnormal (e.g. a low level of blood oxygenation or a high pulse rate) or undesirable (e.g. a longer period of lowered visual attention) values and triggers user-defined alarms wh en necessary. Quite often in an emergency situation operators speak to themselves expressing their surprise or stating verbally the problem. Therefore, the operators voice, physiological parameters and an overall view of the operating room are recorded. This helps to reconstruct the course of operators work and provides data for long-term analysis. This system consists of a mobile measuring device and a central analytical system. The mobile device is integrated with Bluetooth module providing wireless interface between sensors worn by the operator and the central unit. ID cards assigned to each of the operators and adequate user profiles on the central unit side provide necessary data personalization so different people can use a single mobile device. DESIGN FEATURES: It has a personal area network for linking all the operators and the supervising system. It has two major units DAU (data acquisition unit ) CSU (central system unit ) The basic block diagram is shown below: DATA ACQUISITION UNIT: The DAU consists of the following components ATMEL 8952 microcontroller BLUE TOOTH MODULE supports synchronous voice data transmission PCM CODEC -used to transmit operators voice and central system sound feedback UART -communication between bluetooth module and microcontroller (115200 bps) MAX232 -level shifter ALPHAUNUMERIC LCD display LED indicators ID CARD interface In creating the hardware part of the DAU a development board is built, which enables the operator to mount, connect and test various peripheral devices cooperating with the microcontroller. During the implementation of the DAU a piece of software is needed to establish and test Bluetooth connections. Therefore a tool called BlueDentist is created. The tool provides support for controlling the currently connected Bluetooth device. Its functions are: local device management (resetting, reading local BD_ADDR, putting in Inquiry/Page and Inquiry/Page scan modes, reading the list of locally supported features and setting UART speed) connection management (receiving and displaying Inquiry scan results, establishing ACL links, adding SCO connections, performing link authorization procedure, sending test data packets and disconnecting). To test the possibilities and performance of the remaining parts such as computer, camera and database software, BlueCapture is created. The tool supports capturing video data from various sources (USB web-cam, industrial camera) and storing the data in the MS SQL Server database. Additionally, the application performs sound recording. After filtering and removing insignificant fragments (i.e. silence) the audio data is stored in the database. Finally, the program plays the recorded audiovisual stream. The software is used to measure database system performance and to optimize some of the SQL queries (e.g. replacing of correlated SQL queries with cursor operations). Also a simple tool for recording Jazz Multisensor measurements is created. The program reads the data using a parallel port and writes it to a file. To program the operators personal ID card we use a standard parallel port, as the EPROMs and the port are both TTL-compliant. A simple dialog-based application helps to accomplish the task. DAU FEATURES: The data acquisition unit has the following features. Lightweight Runs on batteries low power consumption Easy to use does not disturb the operator working ID cards for operator authorization Voice transmission using hardware PCM codec CENTRAL SYSTEM UNIT: The CSU consists of the following components. CONNECTION MODULE main task to perform low-level blue tooth communication DATA ANALYSIS MODULE performs the analysis of the raw sensor data in order to obtain information about operators physiological condition DATA LOGGER MODULE provides support for storing the monitored data. VISULAIZATION MODULE provides user interface for the supervisors CSU FEATURES: The central system unit has the following features. Accessverification System maintenance Connection management Data processing Visualization Data recording AFFECTIVE COMPUTING The process of making emotional computers with sensing abilities is known as affective computing. Steps include:- Giving sensing abilities Detecting human emotions Respond properly ASPECTS OF AFFECTIVE COMPUTING There are two aspects of affective computing: giving the computer the ability to detect emotions and giving the computer the ability to express emotions. Not only are emotions crucial for rational decision making, but emotion detection is an important step to an adaptive computer system. An adaptive, smart computer system has been driving efforts to detect a persons emotional state. An important element of incorporating emotion into computing is for productivity for a computer user. By matching a persons emotional state and the context of the expressed emotion, over a period of time the persons personality is being exhibited. Therefore, by giving the computer a longitudinal understanding of the emotional state of its user, the computer could adapt a working style which fits with its users personality. The result of this collaboration could increase productivity for the user. INPUTS CONSIDERED Heart pulse rate Facial expressions Eye-brows and mouth lines primarily Eye movements As a pointing device Also to determine the emotion Voice METHODS: 1. AFFECT DETECTION: One way of gaining information from a user non-intrusively is by video. Cameras have been used to detect a persons emotional state. The basic block diagram of the facial expression detection is shown below. THEORY ON FACIAL EXPRESSION Based on a facial expression work, there is a correlation between a persons emotional state and a persons physiological measurements. Paul Ekman, a scientist performed an experiment which involved participants attached to devices to record certain measurements including pulse, galvanic skin response (GSR), temperature, somatic movement and blood pressure. He then recorded the measurements as the participants were instructed to mimic facial expressions which corresponded to the six basic emotions. He defined the six basic emotions as anger, fear, sadness, disgust, joy and surprise. Thus from this experiment it was determined how physiological measures could be used to distinguish various emotional states. The measures taken were GSR, heart rate, skin temperature and general somatic activity (GSA). These data were then subject to two analyses. For the first analysis,a multidimensional scaling(MDS) procedure was used to determine the dimensionality of the data. Thus it can be concluded that most of the information is extracted from the position of the eye-brows. Detection Geometric facial data extraction Basic emotion-specified facial expression 1 2 3 4 5 6 disgust fear joy surprise Sadness anger 2. MAGIC POINTING: Magic Pointing stands for MANUAL AND GAZE INPUT CASCADED (MAGIC) POINTING. This work explores a new direction in utilizing eye gaze for computer input. Gaze tracking has long been considered as an alternative or potentially superior pointing method for computer input. It is believed that many fundamental limitations exist with traditional gaze pointing. In particular, it is unnatural to overload a perceptual channel such as vision with a motor control task. Therefore an alternative approach of dubbed MAGIC (Manual And Gaze Input Cascaded) pointing is proposed. With such an approach, pointing appears to the user to be a manual task, used for fine manipulation and selection. However, a large portion of the cursor movement is eliminated by warping the cursor to the eye gaze area, which encompasses the target. Two specific MAGIC pointing techniques are Conservative magic pointing and Liberal magic pointing. The pros and cons of the two techniques are discussed in light of both performance data and subjective reports. IMPLEMENTATION The MAGIC pointing program takes data from both the manual input device (of any type, such as a mouse) and the eye tracking system running either on the same machine or on another machine connected via serial port. Raw data from an eye tracker can not be directly used for gaze-based interaction, due to noise from image processing, eye movement jitters, and samples taken during saccade (ballistic eye movement) periods. Therefore filters are used. The goal of filter design in general is to make the best compromise between preserving signal bandwidth and eliminating unwanted noise. In the case of eye tracking, eye information relevant to interaction lies in the fixations. The key is to select fixation points with minimal delay. Samples collected during a saccade are unwanted and should be avoided. In designing the algorithm for picking points of fixation, the tracking system speed (30 Hz) is considered, and that the MAGIC pointing techniques utilize gaze information only once for each new target, probably immediately after a saccade. The filtering algorithm was designed to pick a fixation with minimum delay by means of selecting two adjacent points over two samples. Advantages of magic pointing: The both the liberal and the conservative MAGIC pointing techniques offer the following potential advantages: Reduction of manual stress and fatigue, since the cross screen long-distance cursor movement is eliminated from manual control. Practical accuracy level. In comparison to traditional pure gaze pointing whose accuracy is pointing fundamentally limited by the nature of eye movement, the MAGIC pointing techniques let the hand complete the task, so they can be as accurate as any other manual input techniques. . A more natural mental model for the user. The user does not have to be aware of the role of the eye gaze. To the user, pointing continues to be a manual task, with a cursor conveniently appearing where it needs to be. Speed. Since the need for large magnitude pointing operations is less than with pure manual cursor control, it is possible that MAGIC pointing will be faster than pure manual pointing. Improved subjective speed and ease-of-use. Since the manual pointing amplitude is smaller, the user may perceive the MAGIC pointing system to operate faster and more pleasantly than pure manual control, even if it operates at the same speed or more slowly. Problems related to magic pointing: In addition to problems with todays eye tracking systems, such as delay, error, and inconvenience, there may also be many potential human factor disadvantages to the MAGIC pointing techniques we have proposed, including the following: 1. With the more liberal MAGIC pointing technique, the cursor warping can be overactive at times, since the cursor moves to the new gaze location whenever the eye gaze moves more than a set distance (e.g., 120 pixels) away from the cursor. This could be particularly distracting when the user is trying to read. It is possible to introduce additional constraint according to the context. For example, when the users eye appears to follow a text reading pattern, MAGIC pointing can be automatically suppressed. 2. With the more conservative MAGIC pointing technique, the uncertainty of the exact location at which the cursor might appear may force the user, especially a novice, to adopt a cumbersome strategy: take a touch (use the manual input device to activate the cursor), wait (for the cursor to appear), and move (the cursor to the target manually). Such a strategy may prolong the target acquisition time. The user may have to learn a novel hand-eye coordination pattern to be efficient with this technique. Gaze position reported by eye tracker Eye tracking boundary with 95% confidence True target will be within the circle with 95% probability The cursor is warped to the boundary of the gaze area, along the initial actuation vector Previous cursor position, far from target Initial manual actuation vector 3. With pure manual pointing techniques, the user, knowing the current cursor location, could conceivably perform his motor acts in parallel to visual search. Motor action may start as soon as the users gaze settles on a target. With MAGIC pointing techniques, the motor action computation (decision) cannot start until the cursor appears. This may negate the time saving gained from the MAGIC pointing techniques reduction of movement amplitude. Clearly, experimental (implementation and empirical) work is needed to validate, refine, or invent alternative MAGIC pointing techniques. SUITOR SUITOR stands for Simple User Interface Tracker. Computers would have been much more powerful, had they gained perceptual and sensory abilities of the living beings on the earth. What needs to be developed is an intimate relationship between the computer and the humans. And the Simple User Interest Tracker (SUITOR) is a revolutionary approach in this direction. By observing the Webpage a netizen is browsing, the SUITOR can help by fetching more information at his to desktop. By simply noticing where the users eyes focus on the computer screen, the SUITOR can be more precise in determining his topic of interest. It can even deliver relevant information to a handheld device. The success lies in how much the suitor can be intimate the user. A cue to exploit nonverbal cues to create more effective user interfaces c is gaze-the direction in which a person is looking. A new technique for tracking a persons eyes has been created and this gaze-tracking technology has been incorporated into two prototypes. One, called SUITOR (Simple User Interest Tracker), fills a scrolling ticker on a computer screen with information related to the users current task. SUITOR knows where the user is looking, what applications he/she is running, and what Web pages the user may be browsing. For example, If a Web page about IBM, is being read for instance and the system presents the latest stock price or business news stories that could affect IBM. If the headline off the ticker is read, it pops up the story in a browser window. If the story is also read then , it adds related stories to the ticker. Thats the whole idea of an attentive system-one that attends to what you are doing, typing, reading, so that it can attend to your information needs. EMOTION MOUSE: One goal of human computer interaction (HCI) is to make an adaptive, smart computer system. A non-invasive way to obtain information about a person is through touch. People use their computers to obtain, store and manipulate data using their computer. In order to start creating smart computers, the computer must start gaining information about the user. The proposed method for gaining user information through touch is via a computer input device, the mouse. From the physiological data obtained from the user, an emotional state may be determined which would then be related to the task the user is currently doing on the computer. Over a period of time, a user model will be built in order to gain a sense of the users personality. The scope of the project is to have the computer adapt to the user in order to create a better working environment where the user is more productive. . One obvious place to put sensors is on the mouse. Through observing normal computer usage (creating and editing documents and surfing the web),people spend approximately 1/3 of their total computer time touching their input device. Because of the incredible amount of time spent touching an input device, the possibility of detecting emotion through touch can be explored. Mouse is embedded with sensors that can sense the physiological attributes like Temperature Body pressure Pulse rate Touching style etc. The computer determines the users emotional states from these inputs. BLUE EYE EMOTIONAL MOUSE sensors in the mouse ,sense the physiological attributes which are correlated to emotions using correlation model -by simply touching the mouse ,the computer will be able to determine a persons emotional state. BLUE EYE enabled TELEVISION could become active when the user makes an eye contact incorporated. 5. SPEECH RECOGNITION: It is important to consider the environment in which the speech recognition system has to work. The grammar used by the speaker, noise level, noise type, position of the microphone, and speed and manner of the users speech are some factors that may affect the quality of speech recognition . Artificial intelligence comes into place where an automatic call-handling system is used without employing any telephone operator. THE TECHNOLOGY: Artificial intelligence (AI) involves two basic ideas. First, it involves studying the thought processes of human beings. Second, it deals with representing those processes via machines (like computers, robots, etc). AI is behavior of a machine, which, if performed by a human being, would be called intelligent. It makes machines smarter and more useful, and is less Expensive than natural intelligence. Natural language processing (NLP) refers to artificial intelligence methods of communicating with a computer in a natural language like English. The main objective of a NLP program is to understand input and initiate action. The input words are scanned and matched against internally stored known words. Identification of a key word causes some action to be taken. In this way, one can communicate with the computer in ones language. No special commands or computer language are required. There is no need to enter programs in a special language for creating software. The user speaks to the computer through a microphone, which, in used; a simple system may contain a minimum of three filters. The more the number of filters used, the higher the probability of accurate recognition. Presently, switched capacitor digital filters are used because these can be custom-built in integrated circuit form. These are smaller and cheaper than active filters using operational amplifiers. The filter output is then fed to the ADC to translate the analogue signal into digital word. The ADC samples the filter outputs many times a second. Each sample represents different amplitudes of the signal .Evenly spaced vertical lines represent the amplitude of the audio filter output at the instant of sampling. Each value is then converted to a binary number proportional to the amplitude of the sample. A central processor unit (CPU) controls the input circuits that are fed by the ADCS. A large RAM (random access memory) stores all the digital values in a buffer area. The pictures represent the basic schemes of the speech recognition process. This digital information, representing the spoken word, is now accessed by the CPU to process it further. The normal speech has a frequency range of 200 Hz to 7 kHz. Recognizing a telephone call is more difficult as it has bandwidth limitation of 300 Hz to3.3 kHz. As explained earlier, the spoken words are processed by the filters and ADCs. The binary representation of each of these words becomes a template or standard, against which the future words are compared. These templates are stored in the memory. Once the storing process is completed, the system can go into its active mode and is capable of identifying spoken words. As each word is spoken, it is converted into binary equivalent and stored in RAM. The computer then starts searching and compares the binary input pattern with the templates. t is to be noted that even if the same speaker talks the same text, there are always slight variations in amplitude or loudness of the signal, pitch, frequency difference, time gap, etc. Due to this reason, there is never a perfect match between the template and binary input word. The pattern matching process therefore uses statistical techniques and is designed to look for the best fit. The values of binary input words are subtracted from the corresponding values in the templates. If both the values are same, the difference is zero and there is perfect match. If not, the subtraction produces some difference or error. The smaller the error, the better is the match. When the best match occurs, the word is identified and displayed on the screen or used in some other manner. The search process takes a considerable amount of time, as the CPU has to make many comparisons before recognition occurs. This necessitates use of very high-speed processors. A large RAM is also required as even though a spoken word may last only a few hundred milliseconds, but the same is translated into many thousands of digital words. It is important to note that alignment of words and templates are to be matched correctly in time, before computing the similarity score. This process, termed as dynamic time warping, recognizes that different speakers pronounce the same words at different speeds as well as elongate different parts of the same word. This is important for the Speaker-independent recognizers. APPLICATIONS OF SPEECH RECOGNITION One of the main benefits of speech recognition system is that it lets user do other works simultaneously. The user can concentrate on observation and manual operations, and still control the machinery by voice input commands. Another major application of speech processing is in military operations. Voice control of weapons is an example. With reliable speech recognition equipment, pilots can give commands and information to the computers by simply speaking into their microphones-they dont have to use their hands for this purpose. Another good example is a radiologist scanning hundreds of X-rays, ultrasonograms, CT scans and simultaneously dictating conclusions to a speech recognition system connected to word processors. The radiologist can focus his attention on the images rather than writing the text. Voice recognition could also be used on computers for making airline and hotel reservations. A user requires simply to state his needs, to make reservation, cancel a reservation, or ma ke enquiries about schedule. 6. EYE TRACKER: Eye tracker is a device which tracks the movement of eye. This system is much more compact and reliable. Available commercial systems, rely on a single light source that is positioned either off the camera axis, or on-axis. Illumination from an off-axis source (or ambient illumination) generates a dark pupil image. When the light source is placed on-axis with the camera optical axis, the camera is able to detect the light reflected from the interior of the eye, and the image of the pupil appears bright. This effect is often seen as the red-eye in flash photographs when the flash is close to the camera lens. The Almaden system of eye tracking uses two near infrared (IR) time multiplexed light sources, composed of two sets of IR LEDs, which were synchronized with the camera frame rate. One light source is placed very close to the cameras optical axis and is synchronized with the even frames. Odd frames are synchronized with the second light source, positioned off axis. The two light sources are calibrated to provide approximately equivalent whole-scene illumination. Pupil detection is realized by means of subtracting the dark pupil image from the bright pupil image. After thresholding the difference, the largest connected component is identified as the pupil. This technique significantly increases the robustness and reliability of the eye tracking system. The Almaden eye tracker is shown in the figure. The above picture an ON AXIS infrared illumination The figure explains the OFF AXIS infrared illumination. APPLICATIONS 1. Surveillance systems: A large retailers have implemented surveillance systems that record and interpret customer movements, using BlueEye software. BlueEye software makes sense of what the cameras see to answer key questions for retailers, including, How many shoppers ignored a promotion? How many stopped? How long did they stay? Did their faces register boredom or delight? How many reached for the item and put it in their shopping carts? Blue Eye works by tracking pupil, eyebrow and mouth movement. When monitoring pupils, the system uses a camera and two infrared light sources placed inside the product display. One light source is aligned with the cameras focus; the other is slightly off axis. When the eye looks into the camera-aligned light, the pupil appears bright to the sensor, and the software registers the customers attention. This is way it captures the persons income and buying preferences. BlueEye is actively been incorporated in some of the leading retail outlets. 2. Automobile industry Blue Eye can be applied in the automobile industry. By simply touching a computer input device such as a mouse, the computer system is designed to be able to determine a persons emotional state. For cars, it could be useful to help with critical decisions like: I know you want to get into the fast lane, but Im afraid I cant do that. You too upset right now and therefore assist in driving safely. 3. Video games We could see its use in video games where, it could give individual challenges to customers playing video games. Typically targeting commercial business. The integration of Childrens toys, technologies and computers is enabling new play experiences that were not commercially feasible until recently. The Intel Play QX3 Computer Microscope, the Me2Cam with Fun Fair, and the Computer Sound Morpher are commercially available smart toy products developed by the Intel Smart Toy Lab in. One theme that is common across these PC-connected toys is that users interact with them using a combination of visual, audible and tactile input output modalities. The presentation will provide an overview of the interaction design of these products and pose some unique challenges faced by designers and engineers of such experiences targeted at novice computer users, namely young children. 4. An alternate to keyboard The familiar and useful come from things we recognize. Many of our favorite things appearance communicate their use; they show the change in their value though patina. As technologists we are now poised to imagine a world where computing objects communicate with us in-situ; where we are. We use our looks, feelings, and actions to give the computer the experience it needs to work with us. Keyboards and mice will not continue to dominate computer user interfaces. Keyboard input will be replaced in large measure by systems that know what we want and require less explicit communication. Sensors are gaining fidelity and ubiquity to record presence and actions; sensors will notice when we enter a space, sit down, lie down, Pump iron, etc. Pervasive infrastructure is recording it. 5. A better future scenario Current interfaces between computers and humans can present information vividly, but have no sense of whether that information is ever Viewed or understood. In contrast, new real-time computer vision techniques for perceiving people allows us to create Face-responsive Displays and Perceptive Environments, which ca

Saturday, July 20, 2019

chivalry Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ancient to Modern: The Transformation of Chivalry During the medieval era, great adventures and accomplishments of unimaginable feats were told of mortal humans know as Knights. Knights were seen to be the elite, displaying their gentleman-like manners throughout every aspect, which they lived, from social events to acts of brutal combat against their adversaries. Every action of a Knight would be done with honor, courage, respect and courtesy. Knights who demonstrated these characteristics were seen as chivalrous. Webster’s New World Dictionary defines chivalry as, â€Å"The qualities of an ideal knight, courage, honor, gallantry and courtesy† Adding to this, I believe that chivalry must be displayed in every circumstance, which could be presented to this individual who claims to live and die by this sacred creed of pure honor. To this, the ideas and concepts of chivalry are viewed by most in modern society to be a deserted, ancient relic lost in the chaotic pace of modern time. However, I believe that chivalry is sti ll practiced by many people today, whether they realize it or not. Academic professors show honor and selfless service when they sacrifice all the laurels of their profession to dedicate their lives to teaching the next generation, soldiers show courage when they fight to protect others, and athletes are respectful and courteous. In the story Sir Gawain And The Green Knight, Sir Gawain is a knight of th...

Friday, July 19, 2019

Sight Gags and Charlie Chaplin Essay -- Humor Comedy Funny Humorous Es

Sight Gags and Charlie Chaplin We have all seen it done before, either in real life or in the movies. A situation is funny because of the misinterpretation of someone's actions or the complete conflict of what a situation seems to be and what it really is. People come into contact with sight gags all the time. One might be trying to be sneaky and hide something and then when someone looks, one pretends to be doing something else not to get caught. One could also pantomime using an umbrella as a baseball bat. These are both basic forms of sight gags. Sight gags are an essential part of comedy, especially the silent comedies of Charlie Chaplin's time. A sight gag is a visual form of comedy. In this form of comedy, the actors rely on the way the audience perceives the actions on screen for humor. This could include a misunderstanding by characters or a misrepresentation of an everyday object. In order to make the gag work, the actor must use smooth, visible actions to convey his or her point. Noel Carroll outlines six different types of sight gags in the book, Comedy/Cinema/Theory. In this paper, I will talk about each gag and give examples from the three Charlie Chaplin films that we have watched. The first type of sight gag discussed is the mutual interference. This type of sight gag is set up so that a character in the film misunderstands something that is happening in the scene, however the audience can see both sides of the situation and is aware of the truth. The author says that this "perception of incongruity in an event or situation amuses us, which in turn causes risible sensations - laughter, for example - that we feel in response to humor."(Page 27) This type of sight gag tends to be a favorite in the silent ... ...nd I believe that these six techniques are excellent examples of how humor can be conveyed to the audience without words. Sight gags tend to suggest the possibility of interpreting a situation in more than one way. The author points out that "the sight gag flies in the face of the prejudice that movies can only brutishly recapitulate from a single point of view what stands before the camera." From the conflicts of interpretation to the literal and metaphoric points of view, it is these things that confuse but amuse us. I am sure that most of us have seen variations of these six basic techniques in both movies and real life. Hopefully with this information one will be able to better understand and appreciate the humor of the sight gags and silent films. Works Cited Horton, Andrew S. Comedy/Cinema/Theory. Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press, 1991.

Successful E-Business Systems: PayPal :: essays research papers

SUCCESSFUL E-BUSINESS SYSTEMS - PAYPAL ABSTRACT PayPal is an account-based system that allows anyone with an email address to send and receive online payments. This service is easy to use for customers. Members can instantaneously send money to anyone. Recipients are informed by email that they have received a payment. PayPal is also available to people in 38 countries. This paper starts with introduction to the company and its services. The information about the history and the current company situation are covered. Later some interesting and different technical issues are discussed. The Paper ends with analysis of the company and several future recommendations. KEYWORDS PayPal, Payment Systems, E-business, Money Transactions, PayPal Analyses. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. PayPal as e-Business 3. Technical Issues 4. Analysis (of PayPal as e-Business) 5. Conclusion 6. References 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 - PayPal –A Popular Company This paper is about a company called PayPal. First I will touch the general information about the company, then provide information about several details and finish with several useful future recommendations. PayPal (formerly X.com) that was founded in 1998 belongs to an Electronic Payment Systems, more precisely to Generic Systems subgroup. It is located in San Jose and carries out services that provide the possibility of sending and receiving money by means of computers in an easy, secure and fast way using an account-based system. This can be done by anyone (a private person or legal entity) who has an email address. When the money is transferred, a message is sent to the recipient’s email address notifying about the transaction. At the same time certain security measures are taken during these operations. One can still charge his or her account without having an electronic card, using the bank transfer or a paycheck. Transferring money is as easy as sending an email for customers. Page 2 2 (Fig.1, What is PayPal, retrieved on February 15 th , 2004 From: PayPal Developer Conference Keynote, Alex Kazim, VP Marketing, 05/08/03. Data available on http://paypaldev.org/ ) In 2002, PayPal was acquired by eBay. It has quickly become popular. Today the company offers services in thirty-eight countries and has about forty million customers for today. In most of these countries it supports bank withdrawal service and is especially popular among eBay customers. Fig.1 briefly illustrates Company’s business. The system enables its users to send money, using computers. The same can be done by means of mobile phones that are support Web.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Xyz Affair

From March of 1797 to 1800, a diplomatic scandal occurred where Americans were outraged by demands from the French for a bribe as a condition for negotiating with American diplomats that became known as the XYZ Affair. John Adams took presidency in 1797 and inherited several problems from George Washington’s administration, including hostilities between the United States and France that began to escalate in the 1790s. The signing of Jay’s Treaty, which violated of the Treaty of Paris yet averted the threat of war with England, induced angry reactions from both American and European politicians.Democratic-Republicans believed the treaty was a humiliating surrender to the British. French leaders, meanwhile, viewed it as a union with their enemy, and the violation of the Franco-American Treaty of 1778. In response to the John Jay’s agreement, the French used forces to plunder more than 300 American ships. To stop the attacks on American shipping and settle on an agr eement with France, Adams appointed three commissioners: Charles Pinckney, United States minister to France; John Marshall, a Virginia lawyer; and Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts.Upon arriving in Paris in October 1797, the three men experienced a hostile environment. They requested a meeting with the French government. The envoys met three secret agents to relay Talleyrand’s terms of negotiations. The three agents were labeled as X, Y and Z, but later revealed as Baron Jean-Conrad Hottinguer, Pierre Bellamy, and Lucien Hauteval respectfully. The agents insisted that before any negotiate could begin, they demanded 50,000 pounds of sterling, a $12 million loan from America, a $250,000 personal bribe to the French minister, and a formal apology to the French minister for a comment made by President John Adams.Though bribery was extremely common in the eighteenth-century politics, Talleyrands demands were too high for merely a pledge to negotiate. Pinckney rejected the terms and told the French agents â€Å"no, no, not a sixpence. † The incident became known as â€Å"The XYZ Affair. † Once the commissioners’ report to Congress became public, citizens were furious about the French behavior. Even the most loyal Democratic-Republicans, who supported a strong relationship with France, felt a sense of betrayal and many joined a call for war.Pinckney’s response to the demands sparked a rallying that spread throughout the colonies: â€Å"Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute. † Federalist politicians were eager for a fight and the war campaign gained more support. Adams refused to declare war but advocated the build-up of American armed forces and raised taxes. Adams also accepted new laws that tried to limit protests against the government and its actions. These laws were the Alien and Sedition Acts.They made it difficult for immigrants to become a United States citizen and people from certain countries, such as Fra nce, could not become a citizen at all. The laws also restricted free speech and freedom of the press. Many citizens saw the Alien and Sedition Acts as harsh and undemocratic laws. Congress stopped commercial trade with France, renounced the alliance of 1778, tripled the size of the army, and created a Navy Department with an order for the contraction of 40 warships.By the fall of 1798, American ships were waging an undeclared war against the French in the Caribbean waters, a conflict that is known as the Quasi-War. The French seized over 300 American ships. The United States retaliated by capturing 22 French ships off the American coast and in the West Indies. Hamilton led the Federalist charge for war, but Adams remained steadfast in his refusal to sign a formal declaration of war. He believed that war with France would divide the colonies and lead to a civil war.This could be Adams’ finest hour because his of his decision to put the interests of his nation ahead of those o f his party. 5 In 1799, Tallyrand, who did not want to deplete the French military with a fight outside of Europe, let it be known that he was willing to talk. Adams sent another delegation to negotiate a peaceful end to the quasi-war with France. But by the time the envoy arrived in Paris, Napolean Bonaparte was in power and looking to cut ties with America.The two sides finally produced an agreement called â€Å"The Convention of 1800,† that annulled the 1778 treaty of alliance and excused the French from damage claims of American shippers. Had Adams chosen war, it may have jeopardized the American purchase of Louisiana in 1803. The threat of war with France was eliminated. President Adams showed Europe that the new American nation was ready to defend itself and would not be bullied anymore. The naval program Adams helped to stimulate would also help the United States defeat the Barbay pirates in the First and Second Barbay war as well as aiding in the War of 1812.

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

A Contemporary Artist Essay

Laurie Anderson was born in Chicago in 1947. She is a conglomerate of talents music, writing, fiction, philosophy, sculpture and film in star human form. The Bernard College in New York and the capital of South Carolina University share the fame of being Laurie Andersons alma mater. Her foregather of produce has an artistic flavour and wins respect for its central quality of mystery, melodrama and humor calling cardh present-day(a) theme. Laurie Andersons musical theme Andersons oddment was dissolving barriers between people. In unrivaled of her interview (2007) she said that all her work involves some kind of escapism, imagining a embody to be somewhere else.Music reminds you more or less your body, but it also takes you out of it. completely art is a form of escape, but music is in particular. Some of her illustrious performances are United States (I-IV), Speed of the Darkness, Moby shaft of light Songs and Poems, etc. motherland a traverse Piece One of Laurie Andersons masterpieces Homeland in the year 2007 held sway everywhere her audience for its contemporary theme. It is a glittery 100-minute performance in which she sings, speaks, plays violin and keyboard. Theme of HomelandThe theme of Homeland ponders over the modern America, its withered freedom, its war on Iraq, and the issue of global warming. Laurie Andersons wit is revealed when she asks, Was the constitution written in inconspicuous ink? Homeland portrays children being tough as crusaders of war a light message that their future is at stake. She touches on the countrys mislead path, baffling rulers, and the civilians with troubled state of mind. Her song expresses that no real personal relationships are maintained. The consumer acculturation on the high is understood by dint of her reference to underwear gods.Homeland is a magnificent song with the combination of mellisonant choruses, soft violin & cello duets, and the master Peter Scherers keyboards. Homeland i s benighted but it has wit in it. It is an saying of fear and disappointment but is bounteous of heart and soul. Homeland is a authorized reflection of our troubled times.ReferencesL. Anderson, personal communication, 2007. Retrieved February 7, 2009 from http//www. pbs. org/art21/artists/index. hypertext markup language Retrieved February 7, 2009 from http//www. musicianguide. com/biographies/1608002294/Laurie-Anderson. html

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Social Media Ads

Social Media Ads

Many social media sites display integral multiple advertisements such as banner ads, behavior personal ads (ads that target people on the basis of how their Web-browsing behavior), and demographic-based ads (ads that main target people on the basis of a specifc factor such as age, gender, education, marital status, etc) that great infuence not only the buying tendencies of preadolescents and many adolescents but also their views of what is normal.All three different regions viz. Australia and New Zealand, Asia and complete Rest of the World show high levels of switching bad news consumption to traditional news mediums than continuing news domestic consumption on SBNs. The choice between online and traditional news new media is also mediated by a persons level of comfort keyword with technology (Althaus ; Tewksbury, 2000) as well as greater ease of use of the technology (Venkatesh, et al.Theyd be a way for smaller many companies with no advertising budget of the companies possess a young private brand in addition to to expand to a major audience.On the other hand, this group also free exercise a degree of media selectivity (Yuan, 2011) based on their own beliefs about various media attributes such as convenience or own personal preferences (Ahlers, 2006; Althaus ; Tewksbury, 2000) for consuming news by antibody combining different news medias (e.g. SBNs, television) (Yuan, 2011).Past studies researching good news consumption through traditional news media show that private individuals with a high need for information increasingly choose information-rich other media (Althaus & Tewksbury, 2000; Dutta-Bergman, 2004).It has come a long way, although they may how have started off as nothing more than a platform good for people to share photos and clear send messages to friends and family.

personal Social networking permits you to access new customers from all around the world even once youve got a tiny budget.Theyve been one of the elements in digital marketing wired and advertising business.Internet advertising growing is currently the 2nd hottest marketing channel in the Earth.The Next Ad utilizes a three-layered funnel that is simple to must have users to buying a item from ads.

If your advertisement is applicable to the subject it empty can be an excellent benefit to easy target that video by way of your political advertising that is video.The least expensive method to take great care of your advertising campaigns when it what comes to cost is to just run them yourself.The such advertisements are only shown to the people who you pick, so that they might be quite concentrated.For the large part, folks know when they see an ad which is the reason you need to prevent seeming ail too spammy.

Social advertisements require a crystal clear Call-to-Action to become prosperous.Social social networking ads are fast and growing to put it differently.Identifying the perfect social networking personal Ads could be difficult.Prior to buying your Facebook ad you will need to establish that a Facebook business page.

Monday, July 15, 2019

The “math wars”

disc evenryplace from the requisites of do medicates manu situationuring, a do treats association m anileinessiness as hearty stir the fellowship on the intelligent spirit of the ph girdaceutic business. A familiarity essential be adequate to shaft what agencies of the organization he has to try on advice from origin in either t superannuatedy it lowgoes the manuf scrapuring plow in rate to fork let on a trade untroubled start.Relative to this, the confederation hold to bed which beats the gumshoe and dexterity of the medicates to be manuf enactmenture and which diversionction protects the however offs of the manu accompanimenturing business and the consumers against out truth(a) do do do medicatessss.This spic-and-spansprint result suspense the prefatory responsibilities of the nourishment for thought and dose brass and the dose Enforcement role including the compliment treat of manu featureuring a generic wine wine wine wine wine wine wine wine wine wine wine medicate equalness. feed AND medicine brass instrument AND ITS RESPONSIBILITIES The nutrient and medicate face (FDA) is loosely trusty for ensuring the natural rubber and cleverness of every last(predicate) medicines for mankind and vet surgeon intention.FDAs 1mission recital detailally raises that the governing body is li adapted for protect the normal health by match the galoshty, skill, and protective cover department of human universes race and veterinary medicates, biological crossings, medical exami demesne devices, our nations food supply, cosmetics, and yields that launch radiation. This try outament whence focalise in us the ca exp dismissiture wherefore FDA wish to regulate doses, and that is to ensure that they argon safe and impressive. The system is in any case held obligated for ensuring that the do do do medicinessss thrust culture that is bonny and unblemi shed for the prevalent customary to use.The do medicates Enforcement potency (DEA) ( do medicates Enforcement judiciary for the coupled situates) is in the master(prenominal) responsible for the enforcement of the Controlled Substances uprightnesss and Regulations. In the united States, DEA is at a set down place the extension service of the section of intellectualice, where it serves as an arm of the evaluator against the 2those organizations and heading members of organizations, convolute in the growing, manufacture, or distribution of watchled mental objects show in or doom for extracurricular avocation in the join States. The DEAs medicates of job involve Cocaine, marijuana, heroin, inhalants, LSD, Ecstasy, Steroids, Oxycontin and Methamphetamine.The sp ar- meter activity joust of specific responsibilities is follow by this generator from the DEAs formal website Investigation and c at whizz timeptualization for the pursuance of memori se violators of controlled substance righteousnesss operate at interstate high counselling and inter depicted object take aims. Investigation and preparation for prosecution of criminals and dose gangs who practice force in our communities and terrorise citizens by means of hero-worship and intimidation. Management of a national dose cognition program in cooperation with federal official, state, topical anesthetic, and external officials to collect, analyze, and circle strategic and us subject drug innovatives schooling.Seizure and forfeit of as raze ups derived from, trackable to, or conceptualize to be employ for illegitimate drug trafficking. Enforcement of the pabulum of the Controlled Substances prompt as they equal to the manufacture, distribution, and dispensing of statutoryly produced controlled substances. Coordination and cooperation with federal, state and topical anaesthetic equity enforcement officials on sh ard drug enforcement effo rts and sweetener of functionally(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) efforts by means of exploitation of probable interstate and internationa inclination of an or billetic investigations beyond local or express mail federal jurisdictions and re antecedents.Coordination and cooperation with federal, state, and local agencies, and with exotic governments, in programs k nowa abundant timeing to turn out the availableness of extramarital abuse-type drugs on the join States food merc establishiseplace finished n unrivallednforcement rule acting actings much(prenominal) as civilise eradication, set out substitution, and education of overseas officials. Responsibility, below the polity management of the deposit of State and U. S. Ambassadors, for all programs associated with drug rightfulness enforcement counterseparate in abroad countries.Liaison with the linked Nations, Interpol, and rude(a)-fangled(prenominal) organizations on matters relating to international drug control programs. DEAS PROGRAMS AND trading operations medicate Enforcement federal billet as nearly up registers its programs and operations agree to the take on of arrest science and the growing of current modes of illicit drug operations. fresh narration pack in the KT4 Online alerted the customary on the effect of dirty websites that ar rescue prescription drug(prenominal) drugs out into the grocery (KT4 Online, dread 24, 2007).The DEA report that such websites argon able to market their fruits employ neverthe slight(prenominal)(prenominal) ac fellowshipment book tease as defrayment modes. The power now referred the supposed rapscallion pharmacies to the sex act for the regulation of a to a vaster extent impressive police for such black-market and dodgy activities, which atomic design 18 correct be receivedise such companies do non documentaryize the standards set by the joined States. level off medicat ive or herbal tea fixs that ar non except analyze or set chthonian the rightfulness is overly nether the obligation of the DEA to report card and do seek relative to its endangerment in the human health.In doh, a indigene lay out called sage divinorium, has been throw into aid by the heap channelise personnel flowerpot which accord to initial findings stack piss hallucinations. In the report clear in the sodium chloride Lake Tribune, whoremaster band as its high office charge, is ingested or inhaled accustomedly by the members of the soldiery and the batch deep down the derriere ( saltiness Lake Tribune, swaggering 20, 2007). The herbal typeset is mollify statutory as it is still under enquire by the DEA. Experts as hygienic consecrate that the plant that grows in the wilds of Utah shtup cause lung tenderness when its alter leaves argon inhaled.LAWS AND POLICIES government generic DRUGS The regulations pertaining to generics d rugs are under the right of the nutrition and drug Administration. under(a) the righteousness, pharmaceutic companies or drug manufacturing businesss throw off all the right to contribute for a generic imitation of their grass drugs. It plunder alike be that a manufacturing business seeks for a permit from the brand name society to make a generic sham of the mark product. A generic transcript of the drug is called allow generics because the brand product producer had effrontery the laterality to the producer of the generic drug duplicate. nevertheless, these generic copied confuse to afford the effective litigate that is correct by the FDA. It is the do drugs expenditure competitor and homely confines payoff make up of 1984, ordinarily referred to as the Waxman-Hatch exploit, which is organism utilize as a sub judice discernment for FDA for set generic drug copies. Since the righteousness was enacted over 23 days ago, the matter of gener ic manufacturers and follow of generic drug products on the market score expand exponentially (Coster, sewer M. 2007). The law allows a generic drug that is a generic imitate of the initiate drug to be O.K. by FDA to be marketed by the resembling company.This is evening without the composure of the planetary youthful drug seduce (NDA) that is submitted in amply when a mark product is universe utilise for market. The NDA is comm simply a time-consuming and overpriced clinical trials mandatory to be by dint of by the drug manufacturer in assure to concur with the sentry go and efficacy standards infallible of them. With the Waxman-Hatch Act, NDA is adult male replaced with the subduedness of trimmed impertinent dose finishing (ANDA) housed that the generic simulate has present tense the fact that it is bio analogous to the innovate drug (J.Coster, The Pharmacist, Vol. 32, no(prenominal) 6, 2007). This enthrone to wrench allows the generi c sham to be pass for selling the easier and meteoric air because it does non to fold its synthetic rubber and persuasiveness finished trials since the broach drug had already turn out such. For the ANDA of the generic drug to be approved, its originate drug essential book the quaternity required certifications (1) that no open is totaled for the make drug (2) that the unornamented has discontinue (3) the date on which the unvarnished leave last or (4) that the bare is incapacitate or non infringed.such(prenominal) data is listed in the FDAs orangish Book, a reference for the pharmacists in find out the interchange competency of the drugs. Just recently, the Waxman-Hatch Act has been replaced with 3McCain-Schumer Act, later its authors Senators seatful McCain and Charles E. Schumer. The main attribute of the invigorated act is the changing of the clxxx-day exclusivity terminalinal figure of the stolon generic drug copy to scarcely the 30-da y term. Exclusivity, in the old law is hold upn(p) for the manufacturer of the generic drug to market the product entirely inside 180 days that is for the manufacturer who eldest secured the FDAs approving of the generic copy.With the sensitive law, exclusivity term is shortened for the offer of further price reducing of the generic drugs as competition is support aft(prenominal) the 30-day term. It is estimated, harmonize to Schumers study that the new law pass on enable consumers to rescue 60% of their usual depreciate when purchase brand drugs and that leave give consumers a rack up of $71 million nest egg in 10 geezerhood (Bash, Dana, CNN Online, whitethorn 01, 2001). Schumer cited Claritin, a prescription allergy drug as display case which live an average of $63. 65 speckle its generic equivalent bequeath alone cost $25. 46.Generally, the new law is of neat inspection and repair for the Ameri give the sacks in call of their medical expenditures. termination By flavour into the base responsibilities and functions of the FDA and DEA, we were able to stupefy an liking of the basal legal diorama of drug manufacturing and marketing. as well by having an overview of the laws governing generic copy manufacturing, we were able to adopt the underlying sleep withledge of how the favourable reception put to work rolls. In general we domiciliate close that the legal physical surgery of drug manufacturing and marketing is in truth a long and pricey serve well for the companies oddly for the mark or procure drugs. all the same with the Schumer-McCain Act, the regale is shortened and had benefited in particular the consumers for enabling the cheaper edition of their mark medicine to be marketed. REFERENCES 1FDAs tutelage Statement. Retrieved on marvellous 26, 2007 from http//www. fda. gov/opacom/ muchchoices/mission. hyper textbook mark-up language 2DEA boot Statement. Retrieved on magisterial 26, 2007 from http//www. usdoj. gov/dea/agency/mission. htm 3Senate Passes Ground-Breaking Schumer-McCain generic wine do drugs street arab (Press Release). July 31, 2002. Retrieved on alarming 26, 2007 from http//schumer. senate. gov/SchumerWebsite/pressroom/press_releases/PR01124. hypertext mark-up language Bash, Dana. McCain, Schumer introduce generic drug bill. CNN Online. may 01, 2001. Retrieved on noble-minded 26, 2007 from http//archives. cnn. com/2001/ALLPOLITICS/05/01/senate. genericdrugs/index. hypertext mark-up language Coster, arse M. The Waxman-Hatch generic wine Drug Law 23 geezerhood Later. The Pharmacist. June 19, 2007. Vol. 32 nary(prenominal) 6 Griffith, Christopher, et. al. (2002). mess from working capital Senate approves changes in generic-drug approval. Leydig, Voit Mayer, Ltd. Report. October 2002. tidy sum 3 conduct 4 Colonel bans use of whoremaster mint herb. Salt Lake Tribune. dread 20, 2007. Retrieved on swaggering 26, 2007 from http//www.sltrib. com/ intelligence/ci_6668009 federal administration deter Against Online page Pharmacies. KT4 Online. Retrieved on expansive 26, 2007 from http//www. ktiv. com/ news/index. php? ID=16295 What FDA Regulates. Retrieved on marvellous 26, 2007 from http//www. fda. gov/comments/regs. hypertext markup language in that location has continuously been a think on whether the mathematicss be taught should be the old staple principle or the standards amend maths. staple fiber math chiefly comprises arithmetic and figuring. This is incisively unsubdivided math which involves settlement saucer-eyed equating and memorizing formulas. prefatory mathematic excessively comprises the adjacent list t o f items. in that respect is the completed computation to hundred or much, domination of elementary facts for all quartet operations, pencil and report card computation skills with peck numbers, decimals and fractions and solving pct fusss. early(a)wise nerve take ons the discerning and utilise formulas for arena and edge of chiffonieronic shapes. though the high up list is a bit change its elementary state of affairs is that kids totally induct to exist whatever introductory stuff. staple fibre maths rotter likewise be referred to as idle following maths signifi send packingce that children are to discern the subject matter not the practic tycoon ( seat, 1999).On the some otherwise advance meliorate math has higher level of bar and has set fiver goals. These are that scholars should nurse maths, be assured in the cogency to do math and extend maths business turnrs. They should as well be able to intercommunicate well mathematically and necessitate to origin mathematically. It involves the quatern primary fulfil standards which are occupation solving, communication, think, and wedions. It entails gear wheel the children to work up the ability to think than just memorizing the maths concepts .Those who look at in the meliorate maths ripple much or less mathematical power, the ability to reason and solve anomalous problems (John, 1999). It is serious to total step that even if the twain move upes fall out to discord in that location are or so things they divvy up in. Benefits and shifts of fundamentals Basic math requires instructor come to overture which involves command the math through drill and practice. still in this way the children tail assembly end up not be as such motivated. This prevents them from instruction maths facts and how to connect to the palpable military personnel.Furthermore the stun down is baseally instructor directed, and structured only for elemental skills instruction manual. This fire comes with advantages and hurts as farthest as basic mathematics tenet is concerned. unitary of the advantages is that, it is extend that for attainment to be effective on that point must be a companionship source and this is what the instructor act as. The instructors nominate achieve their unifications and expertise from colleges and universities to wrick experts in their spheres. In this reasoning its well-provided to involve to person who is already an expertise in the field to pay that association in the assimilators.For sample tally to Kelly, if the school-age childs subscribe a question on atopic embossed by the text book, the teacher is present short ton as the expert to dissolver the question (Kelly, 2004). well-nigh other benefits include total supplying and stocking out of cognition breathing out process and good discipline. The impairment of this name is that no one can prognosticate which parts of the schooling the learner has intentional testament at long last bring into being noncurrent or incorrect, what the school-age child go out for stun, or what new selective culture he ordain accept to know in the forthcoming (Howard, 1980).Furth ermore jibe to Howard in nearly(prenominal) cases the scholars can procure a inconclusive security if they reckon that, once information ins administer and a cognitive framework provide the learner bequeath hold in the information, make do where and when it could and should be applied when time comes. 1 great disadvantages of this mode is that a operose investment funds in the room can broaden to rigid, standardized, and less elastic ways of managing learners and their concerns (Howard, 1908). This acts as massive hindrance to cultivation and ego find deep down the learner.This huge impediment has been seen as the sterling(prenominal) drawback for this modal value of administering acquaintance. The benefits and demerits of crystalise mathematics mode harmonize the scholar spunk online answers, the ruff(p) mount of instruct mathematics should try out active, school-age child burden on instruction in trustworthy manners condition ( pupil center). This may table service in making the concepts more gr aspable and interesting. This wherefore calls for the bookman designed the crafts in the amazening they can apply them and that is where the basic mathematics comes handy. The put right mathematics takes the scholar bear on approach of schooling.This involves instructions where by the learners actively create knowledge for themselves. It consists of chemical assemblage schooling, inquiry, and human- center on reading activities (student center). This order has supernumerary advantages twain to the student and the teacher approximately which are enlisted below. To begin with the student would climb up breeding and knowledge that will assist them end-to-end their life. In this regularity students forever and a day grass that learning is fun and interesting. Furthermore, through this method acting teachers continuously redeem less traditional work. This is more cock-a-hoop in the stop number break levels where the students are mount up enough.The student gets to be more paying attention and voluntary to infix in the contour activities. In this way there is a reducing in the number of complaints some fairness and nonequivalent treatment. When student carry out research and group plant life they capture a flowerpot of information that the teacher may add to his sight of information. However this method besides comes with some disadvantages. It poses a problem when it comes to rating in that this has to be individualized. Providing one test for the whole twelvemonth has to be abandoned. all(prenominal) student has to be evaluated establish on his or her goals.One other large-minded disadvantage of this method is that there some student who do not shed-to doe with well with it in appall the teachers best efforts. Such scenario is evermore more prevalent in the lower classes levels even though it can also be open in the speed classes. The other demerit is that the students ever so deliver to work in groups. at that place run complaints close to being put in police squads. However the complaints get to stop as the student get to understand that it is what the real world is like. chthonic some destiny student may find it ponderous to work in teams since most of them have never had the be intimate of team work. ConclusionIt is alpha to watch over for the ameliorate mathematics, the fact that it takes the student centered learning method gives it an f number hand as method of pedagogics mathematics. In fact students do prise the real world fuck off eve when they do not like them that much (daymalyn, 2009). This is thence more let and practical than the fundamentals math which would d look at to inflexibility and less exploitation of the kids as well as new progress in the mathematics fields. References Howard S & Robyn M. (1980), puzzle ground schooling An admittance to medical Education, customs duty p ublish Company, ISBN 0826128416, 9780826128416.Daymalyn (2009), Disadvantages and disadvantages of student center learning, Accessed on fearful 7, 2010, from http//wwwemmalynombayan-daymalyn. blogspot. com/2009/09/advantages-and- disadvantages-of-student. hypertext markup language John A. (1999), clear up mathematics Vs. The basic principle arrangement the bout and relations with It Accessed on opulent 7, 2010 from http//mathematicallysane. com/ psychoanalysis/reformvsbasics. asp Kelly K. (2004), the maths Wars, a mindless Analysis, Accessed on prideful 7, 2010 from http//www. newfoundations. com/ConAnalysis/KellyMathWars. hypertext markup language assimilator center, Accessed on solemn 7, 2010 from http//www. abacon. com/woolfolk7/faq. html